论奥巴马政府“巧实力”外交战略及其对华影响
发布时间：2018-11-02 20:46
【摘要】：作为美国第一任黑人总统,打着“变革”旗号上台的奥巴马临危授命,为恢复美国衰落中的实力、解决伊拉克战争和阿富汗战争、百年一遇的金融危机以及全球问题三大挑战,对美国的外交政策进行了调整。奥巴马政府改变了布什政府过度依赖“硬实力”的外交战略,实施强调接触与合作,重视国际制度建设和多边主义,平衡和整合美国的软硬实力,以确保美国国家利益的“巧实力”外交战略。 “巧实力”外交战略由美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿于2009年1月13日在参议院外交委员会正式提出。“巧实力”战略,即动用一切能动用的手段,包括外交、军事、经济、政治、法律和文化等领域的可行手段,打开美国外交的新局面。它包含了四层含义：一是实现利益目标的手段和资源利用的综合性；二是外交战略实施的灵活性、有效性；三是实现战略目标的手段的相对变化性；四是外交手段优先性。“巧实力”外交战略的目标是恢复美国实力优势和维持其全球领导地位,强化美国领导的联盟体系,推进所谓人权、民主和自由,以及防范可能挑战美国利益的新兴大国的崛起。 “重返亚洲”是奥巴马政府“巧实力”外交战略的重点之一。中国的快速崛起及作为亚洲地区最大的新兴国家自然成为美国实施“巧实力”外交的重点对象。奥巴马执政两年多来,对华软硬兼施,一方面寻求中国帮助解决金融危机,要求中国承担更多的国际责任；另一方面又时刻对中国进行防范和阻挠,甚至不惜牺牲中国的核心利益,导致了中美关系跌宕起伏、险象环生。 本研究尝试在梳理国际关系实力理论的内涵和发展脉络的基础上,结合当前美国面临的内外交困现实背景,对奥巴马政府“巧实力”外交战略的内涵及实质进行详细分析,探讨该战略对中国的影响并提出应对之策。
[Abstract]:As the first black president of the United States, Obama came to power under the banner of "change". In order to restore the strength of the United States in decline, to resolve the three major challenges of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, the once-in-a-century financial crisis and global problems, The foreign policy of the United States has been adjusted. The Obama administration has changed the Bush administration's diplomatic strategy of over-relying on "hard power," emphasizing contacts and cooperation, attaching importance to the building of international institutions and multilateralism, and balancing and integrating the soft and hard power of the United States. The diplomatic strategy of "skillful power" to ensure the national interests of the United States. The diplomatic strategy was formally proposed by US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on January 13, 2009. The "smart power" strategy, which uses all available means, including diplomatic, military, economic, political, legal and cultural, opens up a new phase in American diplomacy. It contains four meanings: first, the comprehensive means to achieve the goal of interest and the utilization of resources; second, the flexibility and effectiveness of the implementation of diplomatic strategy; third, the relative variation of the means to achieve the strategic goal; and fourth, the priority of diplomatic means. The goal of the "smart power" diplomatic strategy is to restore the strength of the United States and maintain its global leadership, strengthen the US-led alliance system, and promote so-called human rights, democracy and freedom. And guard against the rise of emerging powers that could challenge American interests. Returning to Asia is one of the priorities of the Obama administration's diplomatic strategy of smart power. The rapid rise of China and its status as the largest emerging country in Asia have naturally become the focus of US diplomacy on smart power. Obama has been in office for more than two years, both hard and soft to China, on the one hand, to seek China's help to resolve the financial crisis, demanding that China assume more international responsibility; On the other hand, the defense and obstruction of China at all times, even at the expense of China's core interests, led to ups and downs of Sino-US relations, dangerous. On the basis of combing the intension and developing thread of the strength theory of international relations, this study attempts to analyze in detail the connotation and essence of the diplomatic strategy of "skillful power" of the Obama administration in combination with the realistic background of domestic and diplomatic difficulties faced by the United States at present. This paper discusses the impact of the strategy on China and puts forward countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2;D822.371.2
本文编号：2306904
[Abstract]:As the first black president of the United States, Obama came to power under the banner of "change". In order to restore the strength of the United States in decline, to resolve the three major challenges of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, the once-in-a-century financial crisis and global problems, The foreign policy of the United States has been adjusted. The Obama administration has changed the Bush administration's diplomatic strategy of over-relying on "hard power," emphasizing contacts and cooperation, attaching importance to the building of international institutions and multilateralism, and balancing and integrating the soft and hard power of the United States. The diplomatic strategy of "skillful power" to ensure the national interests of the United States. The diplomatic strategy was formally proposed by US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on January 13, 2009. The "smart power" strategy, which uses all available means, including diplomatic, military, economic, political, legal and cultural, opens up a new phase in American diplomacy. It contains four meanings: first, the comprehensive means to achieve the goal of interest and the utilization of resources; second, the flexibility and effectiveness of the implementation of diplomatic strategy; third, the relative variation of the means to achieve the strategic goal; and fourth, the priority of diplomatic means. The goal of the "smart power" diplomatic strategy is to restore the strength of the United States and maintain its global leadership, strengthen the US-led alliance system, and promote so-called human rights, democracy and freedom. And guard against the rise of emerging powers that could challenge American interests. Returning to Asia is one of the priorities of the Obama administration's diplomatic strategy of smart power. The rapid rise of China and its status as the largest emerging country in Asia have naturally become the focus of US diplomacy on smart power. Obama has been in office for more than two years, both hard and soft to China, on the one hand, to seek China's help to resolve the financial crisis, demanding that China assume more international responsibility; On the other hand, the defense and obstruction of China at all times, even at the expense of China's core interests, led to ups and downs of Sino-US relations, dangerous. On the basis of combing the intension and developing thread of the strength theory of international relations, this study attempts to analyze in detail the connotation and essence of the diplomatic strategy of "skillful power" of the Obama administration in combination with the realistic background of domestic and diplomatic difficulties faced by the United States at present. This paper discusses the impact of the strategy on China and puts forward countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2;D822.371.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前4条
1 王海婷;奥巴马政府“巧实力”战略及其对中国的影响[D];南昌大学;2012年
2 刘璐;希拉里外交理念与“巧实力”外交[D];外交学院;2012年
3 朱玮琼;试析奥巴马政府东亚“巧实力”外交[D];外交学院;2012年
4 郝甜甜;“巧权力”与中国和平发展的外交战略[D];燕山大学;2012年
，本文编号：2306904
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