福特基金会与冷战初期美国对印度的外交政策

发布时间：2018-11-07 14:41

【摘要】：1951—1971年间,福特基金会作为一个外国私人慈善机构充分地介入到印度的发展进程中,特别是农村发展政策制定和实施过程中,一直到1971年美印关系恶化、印度各界批评甚至攻击福特基金会,才告一段落。虽然此后福特基金会以新的形式"重返"印度,但已无法达到1951—1971年的影响力。福特基金会能够在这20年充分介入印度的发展进程,这是冷战期间美国期望参与印度发展进程,以及印度对外国援助持怀疑和警惕态度的共同作用下的时代的产物。福特基金会发挥了私人慈善机构的特殊优势,为印度争取来自美国的经济和技术援助,同时为美国实现在南亚的外交政策提供了契机。本文将分析冷战期间美国在印度的外交政策,以及福特基金会对美国外交政策的实现做出的贡献,侧重考察福特基金会作为私人慈善基金会开展援助活动的策略。
[Abstract]:From 1951 to 1971, the Ford Foundation, as a foreign private charity, was fully involved in the development process of India, especially in the formulation and implementation of rural development policies, until 1971, when relations between the United States and India deteriorated. Criticism and even attacks on the Ford Foundation came to an end in India. Although the Ford Foundation has since returned to India in a new form, it has been unable to achieve its influence from 1951 to 1971. The Ford Foundation was able to fully intervene in India's development process in the past 20 years, which was the product of an era in which the United States expected to participate in India's development process during the Cold War, as well as India's scepticism and vigilance over foreign aid. The Ford Foundation took advantage of private charities to secure economic and technical assistance from the United States for India, while also providing an opportunity for the United States to pursue its foreign policy in South Asia. This paper analyzes the American foreign policy in India during the Cold War and the contribution of the Ford Foundation to the realization of American foreign policy, focusing on the strategies of the Ford Foundation as a private charitable foundation to carry out aid activities.
【作者单位】：北京大学历史系;
【分类号】：D871.2

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