国际政治“关系理论”——概念、路径与挑战
发布时间：2018-11-25 16:29
【摘要】：在全球化时代,日益强化的相互依存凸显出国家间"关系"的重要性。通过发掘本土概念,中国国际政治学者试图构建独具特色的关系理论。与西方学界的实体性思维不同,中国情境下的关系理论以儒家关系主义为底色,倡导和谐包容、情理兼顾与礼尚往来。作为社会建构的产物,"关系"既有利他性的规范含义,也有工具性交换的特点。对中国外交而言,追求东亚地区的"和谐秩序",不仅需要多边布局也需要双边互动。基于关系运作机制的差异,中国学者提出了两种关系主义的分析路径。在宏观层次上,"过程建构主义"强调社会实践的塑造功能,认为共享规范是整体和谐的必要条件。在微观层次上,"关系均衡理论"关注具体的利益交换策略,认为"让步—回报"的互惠机制可以维持双边关系稳定。当然,作为一种初步的学理创新,关系理论在理论适用范围、概念类型化与正负功能区分等方面还存在一些研究难点。从学术价值上看,关系理论跳出了实体性思维的桎梏,拓展了国际政治研究的理论空间。着眼未来,需进一步细化因果机制分析,强化实证研究。
[Abstract]:In the era of globalization, the growing interdependence highlights the importance of "relations" between nations. By exploring the local concept, Chinese international political scholars try to construct the unique relationship theory. Different from the substantive thinking in the western academic circles, the relationship theory in Chinese context is based on Confucian relativism, advocating harmony and tolerance, giving consideration to reason and reciprocity. As a product of social construction, "relationship" has both the normative meaning of altruism and the characteristics of instrumental exchange. For Chinese diplomacy, the pursuit of "harmonious order" in East Asia requires not only multilateral layout but also bilateral interaction. Based on the differences in the mechanism of relationship operation, Chinese scholars have proposed two approaches to the analysis of relativism. On the macro level, process constructivism emphasizes the moulding function of social practice, and holds that shared norms are the necessary conditions for overall harmony. On the micro level, the theory of relationship equilibrium pays close attention to the specific strategy of interest exchange, and holds that the reciprocal mechanism of "concession and return" can maintain the stability of bilateral relations. Of course, as a preliminary theoretical innovation, there are still some difficulties in the theoretical application, the classification of concepts and the distinction between positive and negative functions. From the point of view of academic value, the relationship theory has jumped out of the shackles of substantive thinking and expanded the theoretical space of international political research. Focusing on the future, we need to further refine the causal mechanism analysis and strengthen empirical research.
【作者单位】： 北京大学国际关系学院;
【基金】：北京大学2015—2016年度“才斋奖学金”社科研究资助项目(项目号:CZ201506)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D80
，
本文编号：2356747
[Abstract]:In the era of globalization, the growing interdependence highlights the importance of "relations" between nations. By exploring the local concept, Chinese international political scholars try to construct the unique relationship theory. Different from the substantive thinking in the western academic circles, the relationship theory in Chinese context is based on Confucian relativism, advocating harmony and tolerance, giving consideration to reason and reciprocity. As a product of social construction, "relationship" has both the normative meaning of altruism and the characteristics of instrumental exchange. For Chinese diplomacy, the pursuit of "harmonious order" in East Asia requires not only multilateral layout but also bilateral interaction. Based on the differences in the mechanism of relationship operation, Chinese scholars have proposed two approaches to the analysis of relativism. On the macro level, process constructivism emphasizes the moulding function of social practice, and holds that shared norms are the necessary conditions for overall harmony. On the micro level, the theory of relationship equilibrium pays close attention to the specific strategy of interest exchange, and holds that the reciprocal mechanism of "concession and return" can maintain the stability of bilateral relations. Of course, as a preliminary theoretical innovation, there are still some difficulties in the theoretical application, the classification of concepts and the distinction between positive and negative functions. From the point of view of academic value, the relationship theory has jumped out of the shackles of substantive thinking and expanded the theoretical space of international political research. Focusing on the future, we need to further refine the causal mechanism analysis and strengthen empirical research.
【作者单位】： 北京大学国际关系学院;
【基金】：北京大学2015—2016年度“才斋奖学金”社科研究资助项目(项目号:CZ201506)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D80
，
本文编号：2356747
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