中印海上安全问题研究
发布时间：2018-12-11 21:56
【摘要】： 本文研究中印海上安全观与海上安全战略、中印在海上安全领域内的分歧及合作。 本文认为,首先,中印两国在海上安全范畴内拥有很多可以比较的相似之处。中印两国都曾是极其富强的文明古国,创造了灿烂的,影响深远的文化。在地缘环境上,都属于陆海复合型国家,海洋对于古代的中印来说长期处于和平的状态,并作为一种地缘隔绝而存在。而在近代,中印都经历了主权的沦丧,安全威胁与入侵都来自海上。在现代,中印海上安全观的重建都与国家的重新崛起紧密相连,海上安全战略都与国家安全战略密切相关。但由于地缘环境的不同、构成海上安全内容的不同、地区安全结构的不同,中印海上安全观与海上安全战略在近几十年的发展中产生了很大的差异,这种差异将进一步影响中印海上安全环境的构建。本文对中印过去的类同与现今的差异进行了比较研究,揭示了这种同与不同的原因、可能带来的影响。 其次,目前中印海上安全关注的范围大致都在亚太地区及印度洋地区。印度意在印度洋地区实施“印度之洋”的印度洋控制战略,在亚太地区实施“东向政策”。在印度洋地区,印度在力所能的控制范围内提防区内国家与中国过多接触,或对中国与这些国家间的关系进行平衡。在亚太地区,印度努力发展与美国、东盟、日本、韩国、澳大利亚的关系,希望在亚太地区安全结构中占据一定位置,而亚太国家也对印度的介入持一定的欢迎态度。中国在亚太地区由于存在领土与主权纠纷,并面临岛链的封锁,故此在海上安全战略的安排上非常审慎,以大局为重,以保持海上安全现状为基础,力图在防御中有所突破。在印度洋地区,中国以海上交通线与能源安全为要,保护海上交通安全,发展与沿岸国家的友好关系,在其中一些国家建立港口、铺设管道,以保障海上能源安全。中国在印度洋上的安全政策触及了印度的敏感神经,印度将中国此举视为中国在构筑针对印度的包围圈,当然,印度的反应也可看做是一种虚张声势,目的是为了在博弈中获得更高的筹码。对对方的安全政策,中印双方基本保持了理性与克制。 虽然存在不少的分歧点,中印两国在海上安全上依然拥有广阔的合作空间。尤其是在非传统安全领域内有着较大的合作前景。如反恐、打击海盗活动、反有组织犯罪、联合救灾等。最后,本文提出了设想:构建一个由中印主导的地区海上安全合作机制。该设想旨在建立中印间的固定信息交流机制,消除彼此间的战略误读,逐步建立信心,最终达成机制性的安全合作。该合作机制同时保持多边性与开放性,以消除周边国家疑虑,最终形成地区性的安全合作机制。当然,要建立这样一个合作机制,将会受到各种因素的牵制,困难将非常大,但仍不失为中印彼此消除疑虑,未来在海上安全领域内进行合作的一种战略选择。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the maritime security concept and maritime security strategy between China and India, and the differences and cooperation between China and India in the field of maritime security. First of all, there are many comparable similarities between China and India in maritime security. Both China and India were very rich and powerful ancient civilizations, creating brilliant, far-reaching culture. In the geographical environment, all belong to the land and sea complex countries, the sea for ancient China and India for a long time in a state of peace, and as a geographical isolation and exist. In modern times, China and India experienced the loss of sovereignty, security threats and incursions came from the sea. In modern times, the reconstruction of maritime security concept between China and India is closely related to the re-emergence of the country, and the maritime security strategy is closely related to the national security strategy. However, due to the different geographical environment, the different contents of maritime security and the different regional security structure, the maritime security concept and maritime security strategy between China and India have been greatly different in recent decades. This difference will further affect the construction of maritime security environment between China and India. This paper makes a comparative study of the differences between China and India in the past and today, and reveals the possible influence of the similarities and differences. Second, China and India are concerned about maritime security in the Asia-Pacific region and the Indian Ocean region. India intends to carry out the Indian Ocean control strategy of "Indian Ocean" in the Indian Ocean region and to implement the "eastward Policy" in the Asia-Pacific region. In the Indian Ocean region, India is within its control to guard against excessive contact or balance between China and the countries in the region. In the Asia-Pacific region, India strives to develop relations with the United States, ASEAN, Japan, South Korea, and Australia, hoping to occupy a certain position in the security structure of the Asia-Pacific region, and the Asia-Pacific countries also have a certain welcome attitude towards India's involvement. Due to the existence of territorial and sovereignty disputes and the blockade of the island chain in the Asia-Pacific region, China is very cautious in the arrangement of maritime security strategy, taking the overall situation as the most important and maintaining the status quo of maritime security as the basis, and tries hard to make a breakthrough in defense. In the Indian Ocean region, China regards maritime transportation and energy security as its main task, protecting maritime traffic safety, developing friendly relations with coastal countries, and establishing ports and laying pipelines in some of these countries to ensure maritime energy security. China's security policy in the Indian Ocean has touched the sensitive nerve of India, which sees China's move as an encirclement against India, and of course India's response can also be seen as a bluff. The aim is to gain higher stakes in the game. On the other side's security policy, China and India have basically maintained rationality and restraint. Although there are many divergences, China and India still have wide scope for cooperation on maritime security. Especially in the field of non-traditional security has a greater prospect of cooperation. Such as anti-terrorism, anti-piracy, anti-organized crime, joint disaster relief and so on. Finally, this paper proposes a tentative idea: to construct a regional maritime security cooperation mechanism dominated by China and India. The purpose of this idea is to establish a fixed information exchange mechanism between China and India, to eliminate the strategic misreading between China and India, to gradually build up confidence, and finally to achieve institutional security cooperation. The cooperation mechanism should be multilateral and open so as to remove the doubts of neighboring countries and finally form a regional security cooperation mechanism. Of course, the establishment of such a cooperative mechanism will be constrained by various factors, and the difficulties will be very great, but it will still be a strategic choice for China and India to remove their doubts and cooperate in the field of maritime security in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.3
本文编号：2373290
[Abstract]:This paper studies the maritime security concept and maritime security strategy between China and India, and the differences and cooperation between China and India in the field of maritime security. First of all, there are many comparable similarities between China and India in maritime security. Both China and India were very rich and powerful ancient civilizations, creating brilliant, far-reaching culture. In the geographical environment, all belong to the land and sea complex countries, the sea for ancient China and India for a long time in a state of peace, and as a geographical isolation and exist. In modern times, China and India experienced the loss of sovereignty, security threats and incursions came from the sea. In modern times, the reconstruction of maritime security concept between China and India is closely related to the re-emergence of the country, and the maritime security strategy is closely related to the national security strategy. However, due to the different geographical environment, the different contents of maritime security and the different regional security structure, the maritime security concept and maritime security strategy between China and India have been greatly different in recent decades. This difference will further affect the construction of maritime security environment between China and India. This paper makes a comparative study of the differences between China and India in the past and today, and reveals the possible influence of the similarities and differences. Second, China and India are concerned about maritime security in the Asia-Pacific region and the Indian Ocean region. India intends to carry out the Indian Ocean control strategy of "Indian Ocean" in the Indian Ocean region and to implement the "eastward Policy" in the Asia-Pacific region. In the Indian Ocean region, India is within its control to guard against excessive contact or balance between China and the countries in the region. In the Asia-Pacific region, India strives to develop relations with the United States, ASEAN, Japan, South Korea, and Australia, hoping to occupy a certain position in the security structure of the Asia-Pacific region, and the Asia-Pacific countries also have a certain welcome attitude towards India's involvement. Due to the existence of territorial and sovereignty disputes and the blockade of the island chain in the Asia-Pacific region, China is very cautious in the arrangement of maritime security strategy, taking the overall situation as the most important and maintaining the status quo of maritime security as the basis, and tries hard to make a breakthrough in defense. In the Indian Ocean region, China regards maritime transportation and energy security as its main task, protecting maritime traffic safety, developing friendly relations with coastal countries, and establishing ports and laying pipelines in some of these countries to ensure maritime energy security. China's security policy in the Indian Ocean has touched the sensitive nerve of India, which sees China's move as an encirclement against India, and of course India's response can also be seen as a bluff. The aim is to gain higher stakes in the game. On the other side's security policy, China and India have basically maintained rationality and restraint. Although there are many divergences, China and India still have wide scope for cooperation on maritime security. Especially in the field of non-traditional security has a greater prospect of cooperation. Such as anti-terrorism, anti-piracy, anti-organized crime, joint disaster relief and so on. Finally, this paper proposes a tentative idea: to construct a regional maritime security cooperation mechanism dominated by China and India. The purpose of this idea is to establish a fixed information exchange mechanism between China and India, to eliminate the strategic misreading between China and India, to gradually build up confidence, and finally to achieve institutional security cooperation. The cooperation mechanism should be multilateral and open so as to remove the doubts of neighboring countries and finally form a regional security cooperation mechanism. Of course, the establishment of such a cooperative mechanism will be constrained by various factors, and the difficulties will be very great, but it will still be a strategic choice for China and India to remove their doubts and cooperate in the field of maritime security in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.3
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 张海誉;中印边界安全问题研究[D];山东师范大学;2012年
，本文编号：2373290
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