冷战时期英国工党的欧洲一体化政策研究（1945-1992）

发布时间：2018-12-12 07:53

【摘要】：所谓欧洲一体化,是指战后欧洲各国为实现彼此之间政治、经济、军事乃至社会的合作与融合而经历的一个具有重大意义的历史性进程,它在一定程度上预示着人类社会可以通过区域国家间的一体化实现共同繁荣,并形成了全球政治的早期雏形。从欧洲一体化进程来看,英国是一个至关重要的因素,而英国工党的欧洲一体化政策则是英国外交政策的重要组成部分。文章第一部分分析了战后初期至二十世纪六十年代初期英国工党的欧洲一体化政策。指出这一阶段工党对欧洲一体化持排斥态度,超然于欧洲之外,并且指出工党形成这种态度的原因主要是基于对战后英国的外交定位、维护主权和经济利益方面的考虑。第二部分分析了二十世纪六十年代初期至七十年代末期英国工党的欧洲一体化政策。在这一时期,欧洲一体化进程开始显现出其对于欧洲经济的重要带动作用,极大促进了欧共体各成员国的经济复苏。工党政府开始重新审视自身地位,做出了一系列推动英国欧洲一体化政策的措施,改变了其排斥的立场。指出国际国内环境的变化是促使其欧洲一体化政策发生变化的主要原因。第三部分分析了二十世纪七十年代末期至九十年代初期,英国工党由反对欧洲一体化逐步走向肯定、支持的政策立场,并且指出政党政治、英国经济发展的需要等因素是促使工党欧洲一体化政策发生转变的主要因素。最后阐述了英国工党欧洲一体化政策的特点,对工党和保守党的欧洲一体化政策进行比较,并对工党的欧洲一体化政策进行简要的评析,得出政党的发展必须顺应历史发展潮流,符合客观规律的结论。
[Abstract]:The so-called European integration refers to a historic process of political, economic, military and social cooperation and integration between the European countries after the war. To some extent, it indicates that human society can realize common prosperity through the integration of regional countries, and forms the early embryonic form of global politics. From the perspective of the process of European integration, Britain is a crucial factor, and the British Labour Party's European integration policy is an important part of British foreign policy. The first part analyzes the European integration policy of the British Labor Party from the beginning of postwar to the early 1960s. The author points out that the Labor Party is exclusive of European integration at this stage, and points out that the reasons for the Labour Party to form this attitude are mainly based on the diplomatic orientation of postwar Britain and the maintenance of sovereignty and economic interests. The second part analyzes the European integration policy of the British Labor Party from the early 1960s to the late 1970s. In this period, the process of European integration began to show its important role as a driving force for European economy, which greatly promoted the economic recovery of the member countries of the European Community. The Labour government began to re-examine its position, taking a series of measures to promote Britain's European integration policy and changing its position of exclusion. It is pointed out that the change of international and domestic environment is the main reason for the change of European integration policy. The third part analyzes the British Labour Party's policy stance from opposing European integration to supporting it from the late 1970s to the early 1990s, and points out that party politics. Factors such as the need for British economic development are the main factors that promote the transformation of Labor Party's European integration policy. Finally, the paper expounds the characteristics of the European integration policy of the British Labor Party, compares the European integration policy between the Labour Party and the Conservative Party, and makes a brief assessment of the European integration policy of the Labour Party. It comes to the conclusion that the development of political parties must conform to the trend of historical development and conform to the objective law.
【学位授予单位】：聊城大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D856.1

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