利益集团与美国中东政策
发布时间：2019-01-08 20:40
【摘要】： 本文运用和借鉴当代政治学理论以及历史和国际关系研究的新理论、新方法,理论联系实际,以美国利益集团政治为切入点,旨在研究和揭示美国利益集团政治在美国外交政策的制订和实施过程中的作用与影响。在美国中东政策的制订和实施过程中,为实现各自的利益和目标,亲以、亲阿利益集团通过游说与反游说活动的各种手段对其施加影响。亲以利益集团对美国中东政策的深刻影响,亲阿利益集团竭尽全力的反游说努力,以及亲伊朗游说集团在美国的兴起,凡此种种,均说明了诸多利益集团在美国政治中的交锋和冲突。作为游离于政府之外的一支不可低估的特殊政治力量,利益集团在对外政策问题上日趋活跃,将使得政府与政府之间外交往来的传统模式越来越受到挑战。 本文注重宏观研究与微观分析相结合,兼顾整体研究与个案分析,综合运用中英文材料,力求得出科学的结论。除“前言”和“结语”外,本文共五章:第一章回顾有关美国利益集团政治的相关理论,主要阐述利益集团的概念、性质、种类及其演变,同时还讨论利益集团游说方式及其在美国政治中的地位、作用和影响。第二章梳理了战后美国中东外交政策的演变,讨论这一时期美国在中东地区的战略利益及其中东政策的发展、变化和特点。第三章阐明美国犹太人的起源、发展、分布和社会特征,探讨美国亲以利益集团的内线和外线利益集团如何影响美国政治,及其影响美国中东政策的活动方式。第四章试图对美国阿拉伯人和亲阿利益集团的历史、现状及其政治参与情况进行研究,分析美国阿拉伯人政治参与的困境和前景以及亲伊朗游说在美国的兴起,认为亲阿利益集团的游说活动力量较为有限。第五章旨在阐述亲以、亲阿利益集团各自对美国中东政策的影响途径与活动效应,并从背景、社会接纳度和影响力等方面进行比较,以伊拉克战争为案例进行分析,探讨美国如何在两股强大势力的影响下制订符合自己利益的中东政策。 “结语”部分从利益集团与美国政治这一宏观角度入手,对亲以、亲阿利益集团进行对比研究后,认为利益集团对美国中东政策的影响具有双重性,即既有民主性的一面,也有非民主性的一面。无论是亲以利益集团还是亲阿利益集团,对美国中东政策的影响都有其局限性。
[Abstract]:This paper applies and draws lessons from the new theories, methods and theories of contemporary political science and the study of history and international relations, taking American interest group politics as the starting point. The purpose of this paper is to study and reveal the role and influence of American interest group politics in the process of making and implementing American foreign policy. In the process of making and implementing American Middle East policy, pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups exert influence on them through various means of lobbying and anti-lobbying in order to realize their respective interests and goals. The profound impact of pro-Israeli interest groups on the Middle East policy of the United States, the all-out anti-lobbying efforts of pro-Arab interest groups, and the rise of pro-Iranian lobby groups in the United States, and all this, Both illustrate the confrontations and conflicts between many interest groups in American politics. As a special political force which can not be underestimated outside the government, interest groups are becoming more and more active in foreign policy issues, which will make the traditional mode of diplomatic exchanges between the government and the government more and more challenged. This paper focuses on the combination of macro research and micro analysis, taking into account the overall research and case analysis, and making comprehensive use of both English and Chinese materials to reach scientific conclusions. In addition to the foreword and the conclusion, there are five chapters in this paper: the first chapter reviews the relevant theories about American interest group politics, mainly expounds the concept, nature, type and evolution of interest group. It also discusses interest group lobbying and its status, role and influence in American politics. The second chapter combs the evolution of American foreign policy in the Middle East after the war, and discusses the strategic interests of the United States in the Middle East region and the development, changes and characteristics of the Middle East policy during this period. The third chapter expounds the origin, development, distribution and social characteristics of American Jews, and discusses how the inner and outside interest groups of pro-Israel interest groups in the United States influence American politics and the ways of their activities that influence American Middle East policy. Chapter four attempts to study the history, status quo and political participation of American Arabs and pro-Arab interest groups, and analyze the plight and prospects of American Arab political participation and the rise of pro-Iranian lobbying in the United States. It is believed that the power of the pro-Arab interest groups is relatively limited. The fifth chapter is to explain the influence ways and activity effects of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups on American Middle East policy, and to compare them from the aspects of background, social acceptance and influence, taking the Iraq War as a case study. To explore how the United States under the influence of two powerful forces to formulate their own interests in the Middle East policy. The "conclusion" part starts from the macroscopic angle of interest group and American politics, and makes a comparative study of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups, and points out that the influence of interest groups on American Middle East policy has a dual character, that is, it has a democratic side. There is also a non-democratic side. Both pro-Israeli and pro-Arab interest groups have their limitations on American Middle East policy.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D871.2
本文编号：2405091
[Abstract]:This paper applies and draws lessons from the new theories, methods and theories of contemporary political science and the study of history and international relations, taking American interest group politics as the starting point. The purpose of this paper is to study and reveal the role and influence of American interest group politics in the process of making and implementing American foreign policy. In the process of making and implementing American Middle East policy, pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups exert influence on them through various means of lobbying and anti-lobbying in order to realize their respective interests and goals. The profound impact of pro-Israeli interest groups on the Middle East policy of the United States, the all-out anti-lobbying efforts of pro-Arab interest groups, and the rise of pro-Iranian lobby groups in the United States, and all this, Both illustrate the confrontations and conflicts between many interest groups in American politics. As a special political force which can not be underestimated outside the government, interest groups are becoming more and more active in foreign policy issues, which will make the traditional mode of diplomatic exchanges between the government and the government more and more challenged. This paper focuses on the combination of macro research and micro analysis, taking into account the overall research and case analysis, and making comprehensive use of both English and Chinese materials to reach scientific conclusions. In addition to the foreword and the conclusion, there are five chapters in this paper: the first chapter reviews the relevant theories about American interest group politics, mainly expounds the concept, nature, type and evolution of interest group. It also discusses interest group lobbying and its status, role and influence in American politics. The second chapter combs the evolution of American foreign policy in the Middle East after the war, and discusses the strategic interests of the United States in the Middle East region and the development, changes and characteristics of the Middle East policy during this period. The third chapter expounds the origin, development, distribution and social characteristics of American Jews, and discusses how the inner and outside interest groups of pro-Israel interest groups in the United States influence American politics and the ways of their activities that influence American Middle East policy. Chapter four attempts to study the history, status quo and political participation of American Arabs and pro-Arab interest groups, and analyze the plight and prospects of American Arab political participation and the rise of pro-Iranian lobbying in the United States. It is believed that the power of the pro-Arab interest groups is relatively limited. The fifth chapter is to explain the influence ways and activity effects of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups on American Middle East policy, and to compare them from the aspects of background, social acceptance and influence, taking the Iraq War as a case study. To explore how the United States under the influence of two powerful forces to formulate their own interests in the Middle East policy. The "conclusion" part starts from the macroscopic angle of interest group and American politics, and makes a comparative study of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups, and points out that the influence of interest groups on American Middle East policy has a dual character, that is, it has a democratic side. There is also a non-democratic side. Both pro-Israeli and pro-Arab interest groups have their limitations on American Middle East policy.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D871.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王跃蓁;美国对埃及援助及美埃关系研究（1969-1977）[D];暨南大学;2012年
，本文编号：2405091
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