中国崛起过程中的海权战略研究

发布时间：2019-01-21 21:16

【摘要】：本文研究中国海权的解构与建构问题。海洋对于人类社会的生存与发展产生着至关重要的影响。从资源层面上看,海洋不仅为人类提供了“盐渔之利”,也为人类提供了宝贵的油气资源和矿产资源；从贸易层面上看,便利的海洋运输在全球化时代的各国贸易中扮演着重要的角色,承担着各国之间主要的通联、运输职能；从国家安全层面上看,海洋作为天然的战略屏障,对濒海国家的陆上安全有极大的战略价值。控制海洋、发展海洋事业,构建新型的海洋发展战略已经成为各主要临海大国的共识。海权对于中国来讲,是一个陌生的词汇。长期以来,由于中国的地理环境、历史观念、民族文化、政府特性等因素影响,海洋的发展始终成为大陆文明的附属品。长期以来“重陆轻海”的守旧观念,从根本上遏制了中国的向海意识。随着近代在海洋争夺中的被动挨打,中国彻底丧失了海洋优势,打碎了一直以来“天朝上国”的迷梦,海洋优势的丧失,也直接导致了中国陆上的沦陷。长期以来,中国作为一个拥有漫长海岸线的临海大国,却一直没有发展出一套符合自己特色的海权理论。当代中国,随着改革开放的不断深入,全球性相互依赖的不断增强,国际间的交流与贸易往来日益增多。国力的增强,唤醒了中国压抑已久的海洋意识。中国的发展离不开海洋；中国的稳定与安全也离不开海洋。在这一背景下,构建新时期符合中国发展特色的海洋战略就显得尤为紧迫。本文在吸收中西方学者关于海权理论的研究成果基础上,深入分析中国海权的实际现状,并寻找中国海权现状的成因,通过对中国海权的解构进行较全面的分析。从中国海权不同于西方传统海权的个性出发,明确了中国海权多元化、立体化的发展趋势。在中国和平崛起的大背景下,区分了海洋和陆地在国家发展战略中的各自地位。从军事、经济、外交、制度、文化五个方面的维度出发,提出了中国新型海洋战略的建构思路,并探讨了中国海权发展对于中国崛起的积极意义和可能面临的问题与困难。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the deconstruction and construction of China's maritime power. The ocean plays an important role in the survival and development of human society. From the point of view of resources, the ocean not only provides human beings with "profit from salt fishing", but also provides valuable oil and gas resources and mineral resources for human beings. From the perspective of trade, convenient maritime transport plays an important role in the trade of countries in the era of globalization. From the aspect of national security, the sea, as a natural strategic barrier, is of great strategic value to the land safety of coastal countries. Controlling ocean, developing ocean undertaking and constructing new strategy of ocean development have become the consensus of major coastal countries. Sea power is a strange word for China. For a long time, the development of the ocean has always been a subsidiary of the mainland civilization due to the influence of the geographical environment, historical concept, national culture and government characteristics of China. For a long time, the traditional concept of "emphasizing land and light sea" has fundamentally restrained China's sense of seaward. With the passive attack on the sea in modern times, China has completely lost its maritime superiority, broken the dream of "the upper kingdom of the Chinese dynasty" all the time, and the loss of the sea advantage has directly led to the fall of China on land. For a long time, China, as a sea-front country with a long coastline, has not developed a theory of sea power according to its own characteristics. In contemporary China, with the deepening of reform and opening up and the increasing interdependence of the world, international exchanges and trade exchanges are increasing day by day. The enhancement of national strength has awakened China's long-suppressed consciousness of the sea. China's development can not be separated from the sea, and China's stability and security can not be separated from the sea. Under this background, it is particularly urgent to construct the ocean strategy in line with China's development characteristics in the new period. On the basis of absorbing the research results of Chinese and Western scholars on the theory of sea power, this paper deeply analyzes the actual situation of China's sea power, and looks for the causes of the present situation of China's sea power, and makes a more comprehensive analysis of the deconstruction of China's sea power. Starting from the personality of Chinese sea power which is different from western traditional sea power, this paper clarifies the development trend of China's sea power diversification and three-dimensional. Against the background of China's peaceful rise, the paper distinguishes the position of sea and land in national development strategy. Based on the five dimensions of military affairs, economy, diplomacy, institution and culture, this paper puts forward the construction idea of China's new marine strategy, and probes into the positive significance of China's sea power development for the rise of China and the problems and difficulties it may face.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D820

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