苏丹南北分立的美国因素

发布时间：2019-04-01 07:09

【摘要】：2011年7月9日,南苏丹共和国正式独立,苏丹南北分立。美国在南苏丹独立中发挥了关键作用。尽管美国对苏丹的政策经历了一系列演变,但是美国一直关注苏丹南方问题。克林顿总统时期,美国对苏丹实行孤立与遏制政策,苏丹南北和平进程毫无进展。苏丹被美国列入支持恐怖主义活动国家的名单。小布什总统时期,由于国际合作反恐的需要以及美国石油行业及宗教组织的活动,美国积极参与苏丹南北和平进程。在美国支持下,苏丹南北双方达成了结束内战的《全面和平协议》。奥巴马总统时期,美国对苏丹实行"胡萝卜加大棒"的政策,要求苏丹保证南方公投的顺利进行并且尊重公投结果。最终,苏丹南方人民通过公投选择独立,成为一个独立国家。
[Abstract]:July 9, 2011, the Republic of South Sudan officially independent, Sudan North-South separation. The United States played a key role in South Sudan's independence. Although American policy toward Sudan has undergone a series of changes, the United States has been concerned about Southern Sudan. Under President Clinton, the United States imposed a policy of isolation and containment on Sudan, and there was no progress in the peace process between North and South Sudan. Sudan is listed by the United States as a sponsor of terrorist activities. Under President Bush, the United States was actively involved in the North-South peace process in Sudan due to the need for international cooperation against terrorism and the activities of the American oil industry and religious organizations. With the support of the United States, North and South Sudan reached an "all-round peace agreement" to end the civil war. Under President Obama, the United States imposed a "carrot and stick" policy on Sudan, demanding that Sudan ensure the smooth conduct of the Southern referendum and respect the outcome of the referendum. In the end, the people of Southern Sudan chose independence through a referendum to become an independent State.
【作者单位】：西安石油大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“苏丹和南苏丹石油纷争研究”(项目号:12XSS001)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D841.2;D871.2

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