日本外交与安全政策中的联合国因素分析
发布时间：2019-06-05 10:36
【摘要】：1957年日本政府发表了首部《外交蓝皮书》,提出了著名的外交三原则:以联合国为中心(UN-Centric)、与西方国家保持协调、坚持亚洲一员。虽然战后之初,全世界对联合国寄予厚望,但是联合国在战后时期发挥的作用极为有限。事实上,从现实的国际环境与各国的外交实践看,没有任何一个国家会真正把联合国作为外交的核心。所以,从外交与安全角度看,日本确立“以联合国为中心”的外交原则是十分罕见的现象。单单考虑国际因素显然不足以解释这一特殊现象,而必须深入到日本的国内政治环境之中。通过历史分析,我们发现,在重大的安全与外交议题上,日本国内各政党都选择利用联合国为各自的政策进行合法性辩护。因而,所谓联合国中心主义的外交原则,其本质并不是把联合国置于日本外交的中心,而是要使日本的外交与安全政策都与联合国宪章的原则相符合。 ‘联合国中心主义’虽然是虚化的口号,但绝不是无足轻重的。冷战时期,执政党成功的利用了联合国宪章的原则为美日同盟提供了合法性,降低了日本国内各进步政党与民众对日美同盟的反对。更重要的是,借助联合国的维和机制,日本的自主防卫权不断扩大。 因而,日本“联合国中心主义”的外交原则并不只是为了美化日美同盟而采取的权宜之计,而是战后确立的长期外交战略,包含了更为深层次的政治考量。短期看,用联合国宪章解释日美同盟,可以为日美同盟提供合法性,降低国内对美国驻军的反对。而从更长期的战略看,一旦美日同盟解体或瓦解,日本在联合国的名义下实现自主外交与防卫,又可以最大限度的规避亚洲邻国的反对。
[Abstract]:In 1957, the Japanese government published the first Blue Book on diplomacy, which put forward three famous principles of diplomacy: taking the United Nations as the center (UN-Centric), maintaining coordination with the West and insisting on a member of Asia. Although the world had high hopes for the United Nations at the beginning of the war, the role of the United Nations in the post-war period was extremely limited. In fact, judging from the realistic international environment and the diplomatic practice of various countries, no country will really regard the United Nations as the core of diplomacy. Therefore, from a diplomatic and security point of view, it is very rare for Japan to establish the diplomatic principle of "United Nations-centered". It is clear that international considerations alone are not enough to explain this special phenomenon, but must go deep into Japan's domestic political environment. Through historical analysis, we find that on major security and diplomatic issues, Japan's domestic political parties choose to use the United Nations to defend their policies. Therefore, the essence of the so-called diplomatic principle of United Nations centralism is not to place the United Nations at the center of Japanese diplomacy, but to bring Japan's foreign and security policies into line with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. Although United Nations centralism is a false slogan, it is by no means insignificant. During the Cold War, the ruling party successfully used the principles of the Charter of the United Nations to provide legitimacy for the United States-Japan alliance and reduced the opposition of progressive political parties and people to the Japan-US alliance. More importantly, with the help of the United Nations peacekeeping mechanism, Japan's independent defense rights continue to expand. Therefore, the diplomatic principle of "United Nations centralism" in Japan is not only an expedient measure to beautify the Japan-US alliance, but also a long-term diplomatic strategy established after the war, which contains deeper political considerations. In the short term, interpreting the Japan-US alliance with the Charter of the United Nations can provide legitimacy for the Japan-US alliance and reduce domestic opposition to the US military presence. From a longer-term strategy, once the alliance between the United States and Japan disintegrates or disintegrates, Japan can achieve independent diplomacy and defense in the name of the United Nations, and it can avoid the opposition of its Asian neighbors to the greatest extent.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D813.2;D831.3
本文编号：2493470
[Abstract]:In 1957, the Japanese government published the first Blue Book on diplomacy, which put forward three famous principles of diplomacy: taking the United Nations as the center (UN-Centric), maintaining coordination with the West and insisting on a member of Asia. Although the world had high hopes for the United Nations at the beginning of the war, the role of the United Nations in the post-war period was extremely limited. In fact, judging from the realistic international environment and the diplomatic practice of various countries, no country will really regard the United Nations as the core of diplomacy. Therefore, from a diplomatic and security point of view, it is very rare for Japan to establish the diplomatic principle of "United Nations-centered". It is clear that international considerations alone are not enough to explain this special phenomenon, but must go deep into Japan's domestic political environment. Through historical analysis, we find that on major security and diplomatic issues, Japan's domestic political parties choose to use the United Nations to defend their policies. Therefore, the essence of the so-called diplomatic principle of United Nations centralism is not to place the United Nations at the center of Japanese diplomacy, but to bring Japan's foreign and security policies into line with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. Although United Nations centralism is a false slogan, it is by no means insignificant. During the Cold War, the ruling party successfully used the principles of the Charter of the United Nations to provide legitimacy for the United States-Japan alliance and reduced the opposition of progressive political parties and people to the Japan-US alliance. More importantly, with the help of the United Nations peacekeeping mechanism, Japan's independent defense rights continue to expand. Therefore, the diplomatic principle of "United Nations centralism" in Japan is not only an expedient measure to beautify the Japan-US alliance, but also a long-term diplomatic strategy established after the war, which contains deeper political considerations. In the short term, interpreting the Japan-US alliance with the Charter of the United Nations can provide legitimacy for the Japan-US alliance and reduce domestic opposition to the US military presence. From a longer-term strategy, once the alliance between the United States and Japan disintegrates or disintegrates, Japan can achieve independent diplomacy and defense in the name of the United Nations, and it can avoid the opposition of its Asian neighbors to the greatest extent.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D813.2;D831.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
1 甘爱兰;;日本的联合国外交及“国际贡献”[J];国际资料信息;2007年10期
2 金熙德;日本联合国外交的定位与演变[J];世界经济与政治;2005年05期
3 李阁楠;由日本民主党崛起引发的思考[J];外国问题研究;1998年03期
4 杨仁火;;被占领时期日本联合国政策的形成[J];中国社会科学院研究生院学报;2006年01期
，本文编号：2493470
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/waijiao/2493470.html
