文化相对论视域下的文化层级评价解读

发布时间：2018-03-03 08:35

本文选题：文化相对论　切入点：文化要素　出处：《福建师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今世界,全球化继续拓展,文化交流更加频繁,人们日益认识到文化在国际交往中所扮演的重要作用。受不同原生环境、历史传统、宗教信仰等影响,世界上文化形态纷繁多样。文化差异普遍存在,由此产生了诸如文化进化论、文化传播论、文化相对论等众多文化理论,其中文化相对论以宣扬文化平等、尊重和理解得到众多学者的支持。然而,文化相对论的内在欠缺使其在对文化现象进行价值判断时遇到困境。本文坚持文化相对论所提倡的平等、尊重和理解之基本原则的同时,提出了文化相对论方法论,即吸取文化相对论的合理内核,同时超越其局限,旗帜鲜明地指出虽然我们不可以对文化整体做出高低优劣的评价,但可以就具体的文化行为、文化要素做出个人的价值判断与评价。在总结已有文化评价理论的基础上,结合文化的复杂性本质特征,本文提出了多元文化评价体系,为评价物质文化、精神文化以及人类普遍认同的危害提供一个参照系。此外,本文努力对文化的本质与非本质部分进行区分,以便对本文化和异文化进行更科学的评价判断。在全球政治、经济联系日益紧密,文化、价值和交流融合不断发展的今天,希望本文可为跨文化交际提供一个理论和现实的新参照,为文化评价提供参考标尺,从而更好地理解他族文化和本族文化,促进“世界公民”跨文化交际能力的提升,最终为更顺畅的跨文化交际提供建设性参考。
[Abstract]:In today's world, globalization continues to expand and cultural exchanges become more frequent. People are increasingly aware of the important role that culture plays in international exchanges, influenced by different primary environments, historical traditions, religious beliefs, etc. Cultural differences are widespread in the world, resulting in many cultural theories such as cultural evolution, cultural communication, and cultural relativity, among which cultural relativity proclaims cultural equality. Respect and understanding are supported by many scholars. However, the inherent lack of cultural relativity makes it difficult to judge the value of cultural phenomena. Along with the basic principles of respect and understanding, the methodology of cultural relativity is proposed, that is, to absorb the rational core of cultural relativity and to go beyond its limitations, and to point out unequivocally that although we cannot evaluate the merits and demerits of culture as a whole, However, we can make individual value judgment and evaluation on specific cultural behavior and cultural elements. On the basis of summarizing the existing theories of cultural evaluation and combining with the essential characteristics of cultural complexity, this paper puts forward a multi-cultural evaluation system. It provides a frame of reference for evaluating the harm of material culture, spiritual culture and the universal recognition of human beings. In addition, this paper tries to distinguish the essential and non-essential parts of culture. In order to make a more scientific assessment of this culture and other cultures. Today, when global political and economic ties are increasingly close, the integration of culture, value and communication is constantly developing, It is hoped that this paper can provide a new theoretical and practical reference for cross-cultural communication, and provide a reference scale for cultural evaluation, so as to better understand other cultures and their own cultures and promote the enhancement of the intercultural communicative competence of "world citizens". Finally, it provides a constructive reference for a more smooth cross-cultural communication.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G05

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