重庆市民集体性项目锻炼坚持性影响因素的探究
发布时间：2018-08-10 18:43
【摘要】：本研究由2个子研究组成。研究1对610名重庆市民进行问卷调查,全而、系统地了解重庆市民锻炼坚持性现状,探索了不同人口学变量、社会学变量对重庆市民锻炼坚持性的影响。研究2采用质性研究,以坚持锻炼的30名重庆市民为研究对象,通过深度访谈和扎根理论深入了解、挖掘集体性锻炼项目锻炼坚持性的影响因素,并建构了影响因索模型。研究结果如下： 1、重庆市民的坚持锻炼的基本情况。重庆市民的锻炼坚持性的总体水平较低,坚持锻炼的仅占11.8%,高达88.2%的市民没有坚持锻炼。在锻炼行为阶段上,重庆市民大多数(39.3%)处于锻炼行为的准备阶段,18.1%处于前意识阶段,18.2%处于意识阶段,6.1%处于行动阶段,18.2%处于维持阶段。 2、不同人口学特征(性别、年龄)和不同社会学特征(职业)的重庆市民在锻炼坚持性上均存在显著差异。在人口学特征方而,男性的坚持性比女性好；60岁以上的居民锻炼坚持性最好,26-35岁的坚持性水平最低。在社会学特征方而,非在职人员的坚持性好于在职人员,退休及其他人员的坚持性最好,私企工作人员的坚持性水平最低。 3、重庆市民集体项口锻炼坚持性的影响因素,包含次要类别(44个因素)、主要类别(10个因素)和核心类别(1个因素)。其中,核心类别为认知与锻炼坚持性的相互影响。主要类别包括锻炼策略、生理因素、个性(个性倾向性与个性心理特征)、情绪与情感体验、认知、锻炼效果、锻炼历史、社会环境、锻炼条件和锻炼活动特征等10个因素。在44个次要类别中,主观努力、行为态度、项目选择、时间管理、个体喜好、锻炼动机、个体意识、气质、情绪体验、情感体验、锻炼的认知、参与选择、锻炼获益、参与机会、过去的锻炼行为、初始锻炼经历、社会支持、锻炼氛围、人际氛围、技术基础、空闲时间、锻炼机会、集体项日、适合自己、项目吸引力等25个因素是在访谈过程中被提到次数最多、最普遍的因素,属于核心的影响因素。 4、集体项目的锻炼坚持性影响因素的模型。以锻炼坚持性影响因素的次要类别、主要类别和核心类别为基础,通过扎根理论初步提出了锻炼坚持性的相关理论的模型假设,即锻炼坚持过程的四阶段模型。此模型将个体锻炼坚持的过程划分为四个阶段：第一阶段,尝试参与阶段。在这个阶段,个性倾向性(主要是需要和动机)、锻炼氛围、生理因素、锻炼条件、锻炼活动特征等因素对个体的尝试参与行为(包括现阶段的参与行为或锻炼历史)产生了影响。第二阶段,主观体验阶段。在这个阶段,参与行为或锻炼历史、锻炼活动特征(主要是集体性、适合自己、运动风险和吸引力)对个体的主观体验产生了影响。第三阶段,获得效果阶段。在这个阶段,情绪与情感体验、锻炼策略、个性心理特征和社会环境等因素对个体能否取得锻炼效果产生了影响。第四阶段,坚持锻炼阶段。在这个阶段,个体心理特征、个体喜好、锻炼策略、认知、锻炼效果和社会环境等因素都对个体的坚持锻炼行为产生了影响。 5、针对研究中发现的问题,从三个层面提出了提高个体锻炼坚持性水平的一些建议：个体层面,应发展符合自身情况的锻炼策略,形成锻炼能力；培养和完善个性特征,为锻炼提供稳定的内驱力：了解各项锻炼活动特征,选择适合自身情况的锻炼项目；深化锻炼认知,增强锻炼行为的自主化程度。信息层面,应开展健康风险评价活动,提供生理状况指标的及时反馈；开展大众传媒宣传活动,引导大众关注健康；优化公共场所标记,提供锻炼的决策提示。社会层面,应营造良好的社会环境,提供坚持锻炼的外部动力系统；组织机构间大力协作,为个体坚持锻炼提供环境和政策支持；健全学校体育的内容与体系,将其作为开展全民健身的重要根基。
[Abstract]:This study consists of two sub-studies. In study 1, 610 Chongqing citizens were surveyed with questionnaires to find out the status quo of exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens systematically, and to explore the effects of different demographic and sociological variables on exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens. Through in-depth interviews and grounded theory, this paper explores the influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective exercise, and constructs an influencing factor model.
1. The basic situation of Chongqing citizens'persistent exercise. The general level of Chongqing citizens' persistence in exercise is low, only 11.8% of them persist in exercise, and 88.2% of them do not persist in exercise. Paragraph 6.1% is at the operational stage and 18.2% is in the maintenance stage.
2. Chongqing citizens with different demographic characteristics (gender, age) and different sociological characteristics (occupation) have significant differences in exercise persistence. The persistence of the staff is better than that of the on-the-job staff, the persistence of the retired and other staff is the best, and the persistence level of the private enterprise staff is the lowest.
3. The influencing factors of collective exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens include secondary categories (44 factors), main categories (10 factors) and core categories (1 factor). The core category is the interaction between cognition and exercise adherence. And emotional experience, cognition, exercise effect, exercise history, social environment, exercise conditions and characteristics of exercise activities. In 44 secondary categories, subjective effort, behavior attitude, project selection, time management, individual preferences, exercise motivation, individual consciousness, temperament, emotional experience, emotional experience, exercise cognition, participation selection, exercise benefit. Participation opportunity, past exercise behavior, initial exercise experience, social support, exercise atmosphere, interpersonal atmosphere, technical basis, leisure time, exercise opportunity, collective event day, fit for oneself, project attractiveness and other 25 factors were mentioned most frequently in the interview process, the most common factors, belonging to the core factors.
4. The model of influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective events. Based on the minor categories, main categories and core categories of exercise persistence influencing factors, this paper puts forward a preliminary theoretical hypothesis of exercise persistence through grounded theory, that is, a four-stage model of exercise persistence process. This model delineates the process of individual exercise persistence. There are four stages: the first stage, the attempt to participate in the stage. In this stage, personality tendencies (mainly needs and motivations), exercise atmosphere, physiological factors, exercise conditions, characteristics of exercise activities and other factors on the individual attempt to participate in the behavior (including the current participation behavior or exercise history) have an impact. The second stage, the level of subjective experience. In this stage, participation behavior or exercise history, exercise activity characteristics (mainly collective, suitable for oneself, sports risk and attraction) have an impact on the subjective experience of the individual. The third stage, the stage of effect. In this stage, emotional and emotional experience, exercise strategy, personality psychological characteristics and social environment and other factors on the individual. Fourth stage, persistent exercise stage. In this stage, individual psychological characteristics, individual preferences, exercise strategies, cognition, exercise effect and social environment and other factors have an impact on individual persistent exercise behavior.
5. In view of the problems found in the study, some suggestions are put forward to improve the level of individual exercise persistence from three aspects: at the individual level, exercise strategies should be developed in accordance with their own conditions to form exercise ability; at the same time, personality traits should be cultivated and perfected to provide a stable driving force for exercise; at the same time, the characteristics of various exercise activities should be understood and the suitable ones should be selected. At the information level, health risk assessment activities should be carried out to provide timely feedback on physiological status indicators; mass media publicity activities should be carried out to guide the public to pay attention to health; public signs should be optimized to provide decision-making hints for exercise. To create a good social environment and provide an external motivation system for persistent exercise; to organize inter-agency cooperation to provide environment and policy support for individual persistent exercise; to improve the content and system of school physical education as an important foundation for national fitness.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G249.2
本文编号：2175863
[Abstract]:This study consists of two sub-studies. In study 1, 610 Chongqing citizens were surveyed with questionnaires to find out the status quo of exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens systematically, and to explore the effects of different demographic and sociological variables on exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens. Through in-depth interviews and grounded theory, this paper explores the influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective exercise, and constructs an influencing factor model.
1. The basic situation of Chongqing citizens'persistent exercise. The general level of Chongqing citizens' persistence in exercise is low, only 11.8% of them persist in exercise, and 88.2% of them do not persist in exercise. Paragraph 6.1% is at the operational stage and 18.2% is in the maintenance stage.
2. Chongqing citizens with different demographic characteristics (gender, age) and different sociological characteristics (occupation) have significant differences in exercise persistence. The persistence of the staff is better than that of the on-the-job staff, the persistence of the retired and other staff is the best, and the persistence level of the private enterprise staff is the lowest.
3. The influencing factors of collective exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens include secondary categories (44 factors), main categories (10 factors) and core categories (1 factor). The core category is the interaction between cognition and exercise adherence. And emotional experience, cognition, exercise effect, exercise history, social environment, exercise conditions and characteristics of exercise activities. In 44 secondary categories, subjective effort, behavior attitude, project selection, time management, individual preferences, exercise motivation, individual consciousness, temperament, emotional experience, emotional experience, exercise cognition, participation selection, exercise benefit. Participation opportunity, past exercise behavior, initial exercise experience, social support, exercise atmosphere, interpersonal atmosphere, technical basis, leisure time, exercise opportunity, collective event day, fit for oneself, project attractiveness and other 25 factors were mentioned most frequently in the interview process, the most common factors, belonging to the core factors.
4. The model of influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective events. Based on the minor categories, main categories and core categories of exercise persistence influencing factors, this paper puts forward a preliminary theoretical hypothesis of exercise persistence through grounded theory, that is, a four-stage model of exercise persistence process. This model delineates the process of individual exercise persistence. There are four stages: the first stage, the attempt to participate in the stage. In this stage, personality tendencies (mainly needs and motivations), exercise atmosphere, physiological factors, exercise conditions, characteristics of exercise activities and other factors on the individual attempt to participate in the behavior (including the current participation behavior or exercise history) have an impact. The second stage, the level of subjective experience. In this stage, participation behavior or exercise history, exercise activity characteristics (mainly collective, suitable for oneself, sports risk and attraction) have an impact on the subjective experience of the individual. The third stage, the stage of effect. In this stage, emotional and emotional experience, exercise strategy, personality psychological characteristics and social environment and other factors on the individual. Fourth stage, persistent exercise stage. In this stage, individual psychological characteristics, individual preferences, exercise strategies, cognition, exercise effect and social environment and other factors have an impact on individual persistent exercise behavior.
5. In view of the problems found in the study, some suggestions are put forward to improve the level of individual exercise persistence from three aspects: at the individual level, exercise strategies should be developed in accordance with their own conditions to form exercise ability; at the same time, personality traits should be cultivated and perfected to provide a stable driving force for exercise; at the same time, the characteristics of various exercise activities should be understood and the suitable ones should be selected. At the information level, health risk assessment activities should be carried out to provide timely feedback on physiological status indicators; mass media publicity activities should be carried out to guide the public to pay attention to health; public signs should be optimized to provide decision-making hints for exercise. To create a good social environment and provide an external motivation system for persistent exercise; to organize inter-agency cooperation to provide environment and policy support for individual persistent exercise; to improve the content and system of school physical education as an important foundation for national fitness.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G249.2
【参考文献】
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 吴波;我国心理健康服务方法的现状研究[D];西南大学;2012年
2 付道领;初中生体育锻炼行为的影响因素及作用机制研究[D];西南大学;2012年
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