戈尔巴乔夫政治改革思想研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 03:56

本文关键词： 戈尔巴乔夫政治改革执政能力认识　出处：《河北大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 戈尔巴乔夫执政之初就看到了苏联必须改革的现状,他首先把改革重点放在了经济领域,但经济改革受挫,导致了苏联社会的全面动乱,进而戈氏又把改革重点转向政治领域。我们发现,他在“新思维”的指导下,以“民主化”、“公开性”、“多元化”为手段,以建立“人道的、民主的社会主义”为目的的政治改革路线只是一种幻想,他的政治改革没有解决苏联内忧外患的紧张局面,建立起一种合理而又充满生机活力的政治体制,而是动摇并剥夺了共产党的领导核心地位,最终放弃了马克思主义的基本原理,致使苏共亡党、苏联解体。为此,我们有必要认真分析戈尔巴乔夫掌握国家政权、保持执政党合法地位、制定执政纲领、驾驭国家机构、协调组织关系及整合社会关系、应对复杂局面并抵御各种风险等方面的执政能力,深入思考戈氏政治改革最终失败的原因,吸取改革失败的教训。我们要深刻领会到:社会主义事业的发展不是一蹴而就的,是一个长期、系统、复杂的工程,对社会主义的改革必须经历一个长期的发展过程,由于尚无先例可循,一时的错误是不可避免的。执政党必须把马克思主义指导思想的先进性和社会主义的优越性结合起来,制定一条适合本国国情的改革路线,牢牢抓住改革的主动权及领导权,驾驭好改革方向,让改革在以共产党为核心地位的领导下沿着社会主义方向有目标、有步骤、有计划地发展。本文的探讨重点在戈尔巴乔夫政治领域的改革,通过介绍政治改革的背景以及戈氏的个人经历,从而得出改革的必然性;通过政治改革的原因、政治路线、具体内容和后果,分析改革失败的影响因素,并由此分析戈尔巴乔夫这个领袖人物的执政能力对政治改革造成的影响,最后提出戈氏政治改革值得思考的一些问题,以供我国社会主义事业改革发展借鉴。
[Abstract]:Gorbachev saw the current situation that the Soviet Union must reform at the beginning of his reign. He first focused on the economic field, but the economic reform was frustrated, which led to the overall social unrest in the Soviet Union. We find that under the guidance of "new thinking", he takes "democratization", "openness" and "pluralism" as the means to establish "humane". The political reform line for the purpose of democratic socialism is only a fantasy. His political reform has not solved the tense situation inside and outside the Soviet Union, and has established a reasonable and dynamic political system. Instead, he wavered and deprived the Communist Party of China of the core position of leadership, and finally gave up the basic principles of Marxism, resulting in the collapse of the Communist Party of Soviet Union and the disintegration of the Soviet Union. It is necessary for us to seriously analyze Gorbachev's control of state power, maintain the legal status of the ruling party, formulate a ruling program, control state institutions, coordinate organizational relations and integrate social relations. To deal with the complex situation and resist all kinds of risks and other aspects of the ruling ability, in-depth thinking of the reasons for the ultimate failure of the political reform of Gorge. We must deeply understand that the development of the socialist cause is not achieved overnight, but is a long-term, systematic and complex project. The reform of socialism must go through a long process of development, because there is no precedent to follow. The ruling party must combine the advanced nature of the guiding ideology of Marxism with the superiority of socialism and formulate a reform line that is suitable for China's national conditions. Firmly grasp the initiative and leadership of reform, control the direction of reform, and let reform, under the leadership of the Communist Party as the core, have a goal, step by step, and develop in a planned way along the socialist direction. This paper focuses on the reform of Gorbachev's political field, through introducing the background of the political reform and the personal experience of Gorbachev, the inevitability of the reform is obtained. Through the political reform of the reasons, political lines, specific content and consequences, analysis of the failure of reform factors, and from this analysis of Gorbachev, the leadership of the leadership of the political reform caused by the impact. Finally, some problems worth thinking about in the political reform of Gorge are put forward, which can be used for reference in the reform and development of socialist cause in our country.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K512.5

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