从乡村工商业看西欧庄园制的瓦解

发布时间：2018-02-07 09:32

本文关键词： 西欧乡村工商业庄园制　出处：《学术交流》2012年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：一直以来,中世纪西欧的庄园经济总是被想象成以农业为主的自然经济。但是经过考察会发现,由于人们生活的需要和某些行业的特殊性,乡村生活中依然且必然有工商业的存在,工商业在以庄园制为主体的自然经济的夹缝中生存着。其经济属于一种二元经济模式。乡村手工业以庄园工场的形式独盛于中世纪早期,并不断发展。乡村的商业从最初必需品的交换,到后来生产力提高剩余产品的出现导致的交换,都表明乡村的商业也是一直存在且必然存在的。只是由于这些经济因素仍从属于封建的自然经济主体、不占据主导地位而未引起人们的重视。这些商品经济活动的存在不仅弥补了封建的自然经济的天然不足,同时,它的发展与后来城市兴起且壮大的工商业活动相结合,形成了里应外合的力量,最终冲破了封建阶级的堡垒,成为了西欧瓦解庄园制的一个重要因素。
[Abstract]:The manor economy of Western Europe in the Middle Ages has always been imagined as a natural economy dominated by agriculture. However, it was found that due to the needs of people's lives and the particularity of certain industries, Business and industry still exist and must exist in rural life, Industry and commerce exist in the gap of natural economy with manor system as the main body. Its economy belongs to a dual economic model. Rural handicrafts flourished in the early Middle Ages in the form of manor workshops. And continued to grow. Rural commerce from the exchange of the first necessities, to the later productivity increase in surplus products resulting in the exchange, All show that rural commerce has always existed and must exist, only because these economic factors are still subordinate to the feudal natural economic main body, The existence of these commodity economic activities not only made up for the natural deficiencies of the feudal natural economy, but also combined its development with the industrial and commercial activities that later emerged and grew in the cities. Finally, it broke through the fortress of the feudal class and became an important factor in the disintegration of the manor system in Western Europe.
【作者单位】：天津师范大学历史文化学院;
【分类号】：K56

【共引文献】