论中阿关系演变中的意识形态因素（1961-1979）

发布时间：2018-02-10 02:59

本文关键词： 中阿关系意识形态同一性差异性　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冷战期间,东方阵营国家间的矛盾和冲突不断,中国与阿尔巴尼亚关系的演变是其中之一。中阿关系从60年代的亲密友好,发展到70年代的交恶破裂,可谓是跌宕起伏。意识形态因素在中阿关系的演变中发挥了重要作用:中阿因意识形态趋同而结成同盟,又因意识形态对立走向分裂。目前,学术界有关中阿关系的研究尚且不足。本文主要运用比较分析法,结合意识形态相关理论对中阿关系演变过程进行分析,探讨意识形态因素对中阿关系从亲密走向破裂的影响。20世纪60年代初,中阿因意识形态趋同结成同盟。1961-1979年,是中阿意识形态高度认同期。此时,双方意识形态同一性占据主导地位,这主要体现在四个方面:第一,中阿共同反对以美国为首的帝国主义阵营;第二,中阿共同反对南斯拉夫、苏联“修正主义”;第三,中阿都崇尚革命思想,号召“世界革命”;第四,中阿均“以阶级斗争为纲”,在国内开展“思想文化革命”。60年代,中阿意识形态同一性中蕴含着差异性。在意识形态高度认同的背后,双方在意识形态及外交政策方面存在一些分歧,为以后双方意识形态矛盾对立埋下伏笔。差异性与同一性是对立统一的。随60年代末70年代初国际局势发生变化,中阿两党、两国领导人对国家利益与意识形态的关系做出不同判断,对各自信奉的意识形态做出不同选择。中国开始放弃传统外交观念,对外政策侧重国家安全利益和经济利益,并逐渐摆脱极“左”思想,改变斯大林模式,对内改革,对外开放。阿尔巴尼亚仍固守冷战思维,把意识形态作为划分敌我的唯一标准,坚持斯大林模式不变。中阿意识形态呈现矛盾对立状态,这主要体现在以下四个方面:第一,中国主张在国际上联美反苏,阿尔巴尼亚则坚决反对帝国主义和“修正主义”;第二,中国提出“三个世界”理论和“一条线”、“一大片”战略思想,阿尔巴尼亚持批判态度;第三,中国改变“以阶级斗争为纲”的思想,粉碎“四人帮”,阿尔巴尼亚反对中国的做法;第四,中国摒弃斯大林模式,实行改革开放政策,阿尔巴尼亚仍坚守斯大林模式。国家利益是国家对外政策的出发点和根本目的,意识形态通过界定国家利益从而影响一国的对外政策。60年代末至70年代,中阿意识形态上的对立导致两国在外交实践中的尖锐对立。其中,双方围绕中南关系改善、中苏边界谈判、中美关系正常化的对立最为典型。中阿意识形态对立瓦解了当初双方结成同盟的基础,致使中阿在外交上尖锐对立,再加之双方在经济、军事援助等方面的纠纷,中阿关系最终走向破裂。由于学术界对中阿关系演变关注甚少,故本文的写作可进一步丰富该领域的研究。本文通过对中阿关系演变中意识形态因素的分析,还有利于正确认识意识形态与国家利益的关系,正确认识中阿特殊关系。
[Abstract]:During the cold war, the Eastern bloc contradictions and conflicts between countries, Chinese evolution relationship with Albania is one of them. Arab relations from 60s to 70s the development of close friendship, so broken, can be ups and downs. Ideological factors played an important role in the evolution of Sino Arab relations in the ideological convergence and Alliance in Hain again, because of ideological opposition to secession. At present, the research is academic on the Sino Arab relations deficiencies. This paper mainly uses the method of comparative analysis, combining the ideological theory to analyze the evolution of Sino Arab relations, to explore the ideological influence on Sino Arab relations close to burst from the.20 Century at the beginning of 60s, in the ideological convergence alliance.1961-1979 Hain years, is highly recognized. The ideology of the ideology of both sides to occupy the dominant position of the same, This is mainly reflected in four aspects: first, the common anti imperialist camp led by the U. S.; second, Arab joint against Yugoslavia, Soviet Revisionism; third, Arab countries are advocating revolutionary ideas, called the "world revolution"; fourth, the "class struggle", carry out the thought of "Cultural Revolution".60's in China, Sino Arab ideology identity contains the differences in ideology behind the high degree of identity, the existence of some differences in ideology and foreign policy, for both ideology contradictory foreshadowed. The difference and identity is the unity of opposites with the end of 60s at the beginning of the 70s international. The situation changes, the parties make different judgments, relations between the leaders of national interests and ideology, make different choices of their ideology. China began to put in Abandon the traditional concept of diplomacy, foreign policy focused on national security and economic interests, and gradually get rid of "left" thought, change Stalin mode to internal reform, opening to the outside world. Albania still cling to the Cold War mentality, ideology as the only standard to divide the enemy, Stalin adhere to the same pattern. The ideologies contradictory state, the main in the following four aspects: first, Chinese advocated in the world against the Soviet hegemony, Albania is firmly opposed to imperialism and revisionism; second, Chinese put forward the theory of "Three Worlds" and "one line", "a large" strategy, Albania critical; third, China change "take the class struggle as the key link", to smash the gang of four, Albania against China practices; fourth, China abandon the Stalin model, the implementation of reform and opening up The policy, Albania still adhere to Stalin. National interests is the starting point of the country's foreign policy and the fundamental purpose of ideology through the definition of national interests and influence a country's foreign policy to.60 at the end of 70s, the Arab opposition ideology led to the two handed sharp opposition in practice in and abroad. Among them, the two sides around the south of Sino Soviet relations improve border talks, opposite the normalization of Sino US relations is the most typical Arab ideology collapse the two sides had an alliance, resulting in Arab diplomatic conflict, coupled with the two sides in economic, military assistance and other aspects of the dispute, Sino Arab relations finally broke up. Because the academic circles paid little attention on China Argentina relations evolution, so the writing of this paper can enrich the research in this field. Based on the analysis of the evolution of Sino Arab relations in ideology, but also conducive to A correct understanding of the relationship between ideology and the interests of the state and a correct understanding of the Sino Arab special relations.

【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K153

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