论日本古代社会的村落首长——以石母田正的首长制学说为中心

发布时间：2018-02-11 03:12

本文关键词： 石母田正首长制村落首长国家公共权力　出处：《古代文明》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：战后日本著名古代史学者石母田正提出的首长制学说认为,在古代日本,郡是政治统一的共同体,因而将郡司级首长看作是地方共同体的代表,律令制下的郡司是将地方首长的统治制度化的产物。石母田正不承认村落级共同体及其首长的主体性,但日本史料中关于"村首"的记载证实了村落首长的存在,同时村落起源传说佐证了村落并非郡司级首长开发的"计划村落"。村落首长与村落成员的纳贡关系表明村落首长主导下的社会生产关系才是原生性的生产关系,村落首长也并未被排除在国家政权组织之外。郡司级首长的统治也是以村落首长的统治为前提,这种统治具有国家公共权力萌芽的性格。
[Abstract]:After the war, Shi Mutian, a famous Japanese scholar of ancient history, put forward the doctrine of the head system. In ancient Japan, the prefectures were politically unified communities, so they regarded the county heads as the representatives of the local communities. The Sheriff under the law was the product of institutionalizing the rule of the local chief. Shimutian did not recognize the subjectivity of the village-level community and its chief, but the records of the "village head" in Japanese historical materials confirmed the existence of the village chief. At the same time, the legend of village origin proves that the village is not a "planned village" developed by the county chief. The tributary relationship between the village chief and the village members shows that the social relations of production under the leadership of the village chief are the original production relations. The head of the village is not excluded from the state power organization, and the rule of the county chief is also based on the rule of the chief of the village, which has the character of the budding public power of the state.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院世界历史所;四川外国语大学日语系;
【分类号】：K242

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