英国都铎王朝时期雇工问题初探

发布时间：2018-02-27 04:44

本文关键词： 转型时期都铎王朝毛纺织业雇工商品经济　出处：《首都师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 英国都铎时期正是英国社会由传统的农业社会向近代工业社会过渡的关键时期,这一时期英国的经济较之前有了飞速的发展,而其中最引人注目的是毛纺织业的发展,国内外的学者都对英国这一行业做了较为细致和深入的研究,而纵观这些研究成果可以发现,其中对于毛纺织业中的雇工问题还没有引起史学界足够的认识,往往把只是把它作为一个辅助性问题来研究。但不应忽视的正是这个在之前毫不起眼的辅助部分的出现促进了英国经济的转型和资本主义萌芽的产生,因为可以自由出卖自己劳动力的雇工的大量出现是产生资本主义生产的先决条件之一,而且也是最重要的条件之一。因此,本文尝试从英国的民族工业——毛纺织业中雇工的产生及发展历程来揭示英国过渡时期的一些经济特点。本文的主要结构是:首先,文章的导论部分主要从理论上阐述雇工发展的重要理论意义以及雇工产生的途径和发展的历史轨迹,在此基础上再对其进行定量分析,突出雇工在当时社会上存在的范围之广,它的发展对社会产生的影响是不可估量的。其次,文章的第二部分主要是详细阐述雇工的发展阶段,从总体上来看,可分为缓慢的发展阶段(14-15世纪)和快速的发展阶段(16-17世纪)这两部分,而后一部分雇工的地位尤为重要,而正是这一时期雇工的发展带来了生产关系的变革,为早期资本主义的生产作了充分的准备。第三部分主要从微观着手来观察当时转型时期不同类型的雇工的人身社会地位的,大体可分为城市雇工和乡村工业中的雇工两种,而这两种不同类型雇工的社会地位的发展变化正折射出当时英国过渡时期各种经济势力的此消彼长。文章的最后一章总结了英国都铎王朝时期雇工的时代特征,它部分的存留了一些封建的自然经济的一些特点,还有更明显的是随时代的发展和商品经济的日益发展而带给他们的一些新特点,从这些分析上可以看出,他们正日益褪掉封建经济的外衣,转变为真正意义上的现代雇佣工人。最后的结束语部分是对整个文章的概括,指出新兴雇工阶层的出现是历史发展的不可抗拒的潮流,他们的发展是符合商品经济的发展规律的。
[Abstract]:The Tudor period in England was the key period for the transition from the traditional agricultural society to the modern industrial society. In this period, the British economy developed rapidly compared with the previous period, and the development of the wool textile industry was the most striking one. Scholars both at home and abroad have done more detailed and in-depth research on the British industry, but looking at these research results, we can find that the problem of hired workers in the wool textile industry has not aroused enough understanding in the field of history. It is often studied as a supplementary problem. But it should not be ignored that the emergence of this previously unremarkable auxiliary part contributed to the transformation of the British economy and the emergence of the seeds of capitalism. Because the emergence of a large number of employees who are free to sell their labour is one of the prerequisites and one of the most important conditions for the production of capitalism. This paper attempts to reveal some economic characteristics of Britain's transitional period from the production and development of hired workers in the British national industry, the wool textile industry. The main structure of this paper is as follows: first, the introduction of the article mainly expounds the important theoretical significance of the development of hired workers, the way of the development of the hired workers and the historical track of the development in theory, and then carries on the quantitative analysis to it on this basis. The influence of its development on the society is inestimable. Secondly, the second part of the article is mainly about the development stage of hiring workers, which can be divided into two parts: slow development stage (14-15 century) and rapid development stage (16-17 century). Then the position of some employees is particularly important, and it is in this period that the development of hired workers brought about the transformation of the relations of production, which made sufficient preparations for the early capitalist production. The third part mainly starts from the micro to observe the personal and social status of different types of employees during the period of transition, which can be roughly divided into two types: urban employees and rural industry employees. The development of the social status of these two different types of employees reflects the rise and fall of various economic forces in the transitional period of England. The last chapter of the article summarizes the characteristics of the Tudor era of the British hired workers, it partly preserved some of the feudal nature of some of the characteristics of the economy, What is more obvious is the new features brought to them by the development of the times and the development of the commodity economy. From these analyses, we can see that they are increasingly taking away the coat of the feudal economy and transforming them into the real modern employed workers. The last part of the conclusion is a summary of the whole article, pointing out that the emergence of the new class of hired workers is an irresistible trend of historical development, and their development is in line with the law of the development of commodity economy.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K561.33

【引证文献】