灾难的前奏：1941-1954年美国对越政策的演变

发布时间：2018-03-03 07:09

本文选题：美国　切入点：对越政策　出处：《复旦大学》2004年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：第二次世界大战以来，美国一直在致力于谋求世界霸权，，实现对世界各地的控制，以便为美国谋取各种利益。为此，美国一方面极力遏制共产主义运动在世界各地的发展，另一方面又试图在世界各地排挤老牌殖民主义势力，扶持亲美政权。战后美国的对越政策就是其中鲜活的一例。出于利用法国来实现其谋求世界霸权的需要以及对胡志明领导的越南民族解放运动的共产主义性质心存芥蒂，在法国同越盟对抗之初，美国在一开始就采取了偏袒法国的政策，随后在1950年介入了在印度支那的冲突，并在1953年达到了军事干涉的阶段。然而，法国殖民势力的存在，既不利于美国实现对越南的控制，也阻碍了同共产主义力量在该地区的有效对抗。因此，美国在全力支持法国的同时，也在不断向法国施压，要法国向美国认可的所谓民族主义力量让步，以图在印度支那地区扼杀共产主义运动和排挤法国殖民势力，实现美国对该地区的控制。但由于美国此时不仅需要法国在欧洲支持它的全球政策，更需要法国在印度支那的军事努力来对抗所谓共产主义的威胁，美国施压的努力收效甚微。其结果便是越盟在与殖民主义势力的对抗中取得优势，实现对该地区的控制这一幻想也离美国越来越远。而要最终达到实现控制越南的目的，美国也就必须一步一步地加大干涉的力度。正是在这种恶性循环中，美国逐步走近了灾难的泥潭。
[Abstract]:Since the second World War, the United States has been striving to seek world hegemony and control over all parts of the world in order to achieve all kinds of interests for the United States. On the one hand, the United States has made great efforts to curb the development of the communist movement in various parts of the world. On the other hand, it tries to squeeze out the old colonial forces and support the pro-American regime around the world. Out of the need to use France to realize its world hegemony and to have a bad heart for the communist nature of the Vietnamese National Liberation Movement led by Hu Zhiming, at the beginning of the confrontation between France and Vietnam, the United States adopted a policy of favouring France from the very beginning. It then intervened in the Indochina on 1950 and reached the stage of military intervention in 1953. However, the existence of French colonial forces is neither conducive to the United States' control of Vietnam but also hinders an effective confrontation with communist forces in the region. Therefore, while fully supporting France, the United States is also constantly pressuring France. To demand that France give way to the so-called nationalist forces recognized by the United States in an attempt to stifle the communist movement and crowd out the French colonial forces in the Indochina area. But since the United States needs France to support not only its global policies in Europe, but also its military efforts at Indochina to counter the threat of so-called communism. The United States' efforts to exert pressure have had little effect. As a result, the Vietnamese Union has gained an advantage in its confrontation with colonial forces, and the illusion of achieving control of the region is further and further away from the United States. The United States must step up its intervention. It is in this vicious circle that the United States gradually approaches the quagmire of disaster.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K712

【引证文献】