12至16世纪汉萨商人与英国

发布时间：2018-03-06 05:12

本文选题：汉萨同盟　切入点：汉萨商人　出处：《天津师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 汉萨同盟是西欧中世纪经济史上重要的商业同盟之一，他们为了实现经济利益的最大化，在西北欧地区广泛的展开活动；而英国作为从中世纪的经济落后者成长为世界近代化的领跑者，在同汉萨同盟的交往过程中充满了妥协与斗争。最终，，汉萨同盟作为历史停滞在近代大门以外，而英国作为民族国家逐渐强盛。本文主要从经济的角度就汉萨商人在英国的活动进行初步的探讨。除引言和结语外，本文主体结构分为三大部分。第一章论述汉萨商人进入英国的历史背景。叙述汉萨同盟的形成和繁荣情况，包括同盟的定义、组织结构、分布范围，认为汉萨同盟的强大是其商人能进入英国从事商业活动的力量凭靠；而13至15世纪的英国，由于“百年战争”，英国的国家力量出现弱化，而经济在横向对比中又显得相对落后，这就为汉萨商人提供了从事商业活动的巨大空间。第二章论述汉萨同盟兴盛时期其商人在英国的活动。阐述了汉萨商人进入英国的原因，正是由于经济地位存在“落差”，英国经济发展和政治机器运转需要外来商人的财力支持，因而汉萨商人操控资本来到英国；而汉萨商人在英国的活动，以在伦敦的“钢院”商站为据点，主要从事英国的进出口贸易。随着经济活动和交流的日益频繁，大量汉萨商人及其带动下的其他德国人来到英国定居。第三章考察了汉萨商人在英国影响的消退。英国民族国家的日益强大，使得汉萨商人在英国的处境日益艰难，1468年的危机加重了英国商人对汉萨商人的不满情绪，而随着都铎王朝的建立，英国的经济发展有了强大民族政权的支持，本国商人也更易为国人在心理上接受。16世纪后，英国商人开始了商业上的挑战，而汉萨商人的势力则日益衰落。在这一过程中，双方的实力水平发生了转换，西北欧国际贸易格局因政治经济实力的变化而改变。
[Abstract]:Hanseatic League is one of the important commercial alliances in the economic history of Western Europe in the Middle Ages. Britain, as a leader in the modernization of the world from the economic laggards in the Middle Ages, was filled with compromises and struggles in the process of dealing with the Hanseatic Alliance. Finally, the Hanseatic League, as a historical stagnation outside the gates of modern times, Britain, as a nation-state, is becoming stronger and stronger. This paper mainly discusses the activities of Hanseatic merchants in England from the angle of economy. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main structure of this paper is divided into three parts. The first chapter deals with the historical background of Hanseatic merchants' entry into Britain. It describes the formation and prosperity of the Hanseatic League, including its definition, organizational structure, and distribution. It was believed that the strength of the Hanseatic League was the strength by which its merchants could enter the United Kingdom to engage in commercial activities. In Britain from 13 to 15th century, due to the "hundred years War", the national power of Britain was weakened, and the economy was relatively backward in horizontal comparison. This provides a huge space for Hanseatic merchants to engage in commercial activities. The second chapter discusses the activities of its merchants in England during the prosperity of the Hanseatic League. It is precisely because of the "gap" in economic status that the economic development and the operation of the political machinery in Britain require the financial support of foreign businessmen, so Hanseh merchants manipulate their capital to come to Britain; and the activities of Hanseatic merchants in Britain, "Steel House" in London as a base, mainly engaged in British import and export trade. With the increasing frequency of economic activities and exchanges, a large number of Hanseatic merchants and other Germans led by the British settlement. The third chapter examines the waning influence of Hanseh merchants in Britain. The growing strength of the British nation-state makes Hanseh merchants in Britain increasingly difficult. The crisis of 1468 aggravated British businessmen 'dissatisfaction with Hanseatic businessmen. With the establishment of the Tudor Dynasty, the economic development of Britain was supported by a powerful national regime, and its businessmen were more likely to accept the challenges of commerce after the16th century. In the process, the level of power of both sides changed, and the pattern of international trade in Western Europe changed with the change of political and economic power.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K561.3

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