摆脱绝境的十月革命

发布时间：2018-03-10 02:26

本文选题：临时政府　切入点：十月革命　出处：《社会科学战线》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：二月革命之后,俄国建立了双重政权。掌管苏维埃的孟什维克和社会革命党人寄希望于资产阶级临时政府,以实行改良主义的改革。但俄国资产阶级自身的局限性注定了改良主义方案的破产,临时政府出现统治危机,濒临垮台。为了走出困境,布尔什维克和立宪民主党人就俄国未来的发展道路展开争论。布尔什维克主张把革命的第一阶段发展到第二阶段,让无产阶级和贫苦农民掌权,主张实行人民专政。立宪民主党人承认军事独裁专制不可避免,但认为政党本身应该远离它,把希望寄托于科尔尼洛夫叛乱。最终,俄国社会拒绝了军事独裁专制,走向了十月革命。十月革命使俄国摆脱了绝境,实现了广大人民群众渴望的土地与和平,获得了人民群众的支持。但布尔什维克执政之后,逐渐脱离了预定的发展轨道,失去了人民群众的信任,导致74年之后的苏联解体。
[Abstract]:After the revolution in February, Russia established a dual regime. The Mensheviks and the Social revolutionaries, who were in charge of the Soviet Union, placed their hopes on the bourgeois interim government. But the limitations of the Russian bourgeoisie itself doomed the bankruptcy of the reformist scheme, the emergence of a crisis of rule and the imminent collapse of the interim government. The Bolsheviks and the constitutional Democrats argued over Russia's future. The Bolsheviks argued that the first stage of the revolution should be extended to the second, allowing the proletariat and the poor peasants to take power. Constitutional Democrats acknowledge that military autocracy is inevitable, but believe that the party itself should stay away from it, pinning its hopes on the Kornilov rebellion. Finally, Russian society rejected the military dictatorship. The October Revolution, which lifted Russia out of poverty, achieved the land and peace desired by the broad masses of the people, and gained the support of the masses. But after the Bolsheviks came to power, they gradually broke away from the track of development that had been scheduled. The loss of popular trust led to the collapse of the Soviet Union 74 years later.
【作者单位】：俄罗斯《自由思想》杂志社;吉林大学东北亚研究院;
【分类号】：K512.51

【相似文献】