查苏利奇与俄国社会主义运动

发布时间：2018-03-20 03:15

本文选题：查苏利奇　切入点：特列波夫枪击案　出处：《陕西师范大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 薇拉·查苏利奇是俄国著名的女革命家,被称为俄国“第一个女马克思主义者”。她既是俄国马克思主义的先驱之一,是最初组成劳动解放社的五名成员之一,也是19世纪末20世纪初著名的《火星报》的编辑之一。青年时期,她因为特列波夫枪击事件而成为国内外闻名的“女刺客”,她同马克思讨论俄国农村公社问题的通信也是马克思主义理论界经常讨论的问题之一。查苏利奇的一生与俄国革命运动和社会主义运动紧密相连,并为俄国的社会主义革命事业做出了很大贡献。长期以来,我们对查苏利奇的历史所知不多,因此本文拟以《查苏利奇与俄国社会主义运动》为题,在对查苏利奇的个人生平以及她的革命生涯进行介绍的基础上,论述查苏利奇对俄国社会主义革命一些问题的看法以及她在俄国社会主义革命中的历史地位。本文基本观点：查苏利奇的一生是不平凡的一生,她因为特列波夫枪击事件而成为俄国家喻户晓的女英雄,后来又成为俄国的第一个女马克思主义者,是劳动解放社的创立者之一又是著名的《火星报》的最初的编辑部成员。查苏利奇对俄国的社会主义革命运动做出了巨大的贡献,她在马克思主义的宣传和理论研究方面是卓有成效的,同时她还积极致力于促进革命运动内部的团结活动,在社会主义运动中充当“调停人”的角色。查苏利奇漫长的革命经历中也值得后人思考,特别是她对革命道德的坚持。她出于道德动机而做出了刺杀特列波夫的举动,后来又是因为道德的原因强烈反对恐怖主义。她认为社会主义的优越性很大一部分是体现在道德上,即社会主义社会能够提高人们的道德水平,增加整个社会的道德总量。同时,她认为,作为社会主义社会缩影的无产阶级政党也应该是一个高尚的道德载体,它应该是团结的,而不应该趋于分裂,党也不应该是一个限制成员资格、秘密的活动方式、集权式结构的党。正是基于这种思想,查苏利奇热衷于调解革命团体和政党内部的冲突,反对列宁的“民主集中制”建党原则,也反对列宁领导的十月革命。查苏利奇的一生是悲剧的一生,她的道德理想最终以失败告终,党分裂了；布尔什维克最终掌握了政权。但是,查苏利奇的思想是宝贵的,值得每个社会主义政党借鉴和思考。本文共分六个部分。第一部分主要是介绍查苏利奇的青年时代。这一部分叙述了查苏利奇青年时期的人生经历。第二部分论述恐怖主义问题。在叙述特列波夫枪击案以及随后的对查苏利奇的审判的基础上,研究了查苏利奇案件对俄国恐怖主义的影响和查苏利奇对恐怖主义的态度。第三部分论述查苏利奇对俄国社会主义革命的探讨。首先介绍了查苏利奇与马克思的通信,解释了在农村公社问题背后所隐藏的革命前途问题,进而研究查苏利奇对俄国革命的看法。第四部分论述查苏利奇的社会主义政党观。一方面阐述查苏利奇的革命团结思想,一方面介绍查苏利奇在俄国社会民主工党二大后同列宁的分歧,进而研究查苏利奇在政党问题上的观点。第五部分以简短的篇幅介绍了查苏利奇最后的岁月。论文的最后一部分为结束语,对全文进行了总结。
[Abstract]:Vera Zasufich is a famous Russian female revolutionist, known as the "Russian first female Marx". She is one of the pioneers of the Russian Marx doctrine, which is the first one of the five members of the labor liberation, is also one of the editors at the end of nineteenth Century early twentieth Century famous ISKRA >. < youth, because she is Te Lieb J the shooting has become the well-known "female assassin", she and Marx discuss one of the communication issues of Russian rural commune is the Marx doctrine theory often discussed. Zasulich's life and the Russian revolutionary movement and the socialist movement are closely linked, and made a great contribution for the socialist revolution in Russia for a long time. And we don't know much about Zasulich's history, so this paper intends to "check Sulich and the Russian Socialist Movement in the title >, Zasulich a This paper introduces the people's life and her revolutionary career, discusses Zasulich to Russian Socialist Revolution and her opinions in the revolution in history.
This basic point: Zasulich's life is ordinary life, because she is Te Lieb J shooting into the Russian national household heroine, and later became the first woman in Marx's Russia, is one of the founders of the labor liberation is the first member of Editorial Department of the famous "fire star >. Made a great contribution to check the Russian socialist revolutionary movement Sulich, she in Marx's propaganda and theoretical research is very fruitful, she also actively committed to promoting the internal unity of the revolutionary movement, acts as a mediator role in the socialist movement. Zasulich long revolutionary experience also worth thinking, especially her insistence on moral revolution. She made the assassination of Te Lieb J's move for moral motivation, and later because of strong anti moral reasons Terrorism. She believes that a big part of the superiority of socialism is embodied in the moral, that socialism can improve people's moral level, increase the total amount of the whole social moral. At the same time, she believes that the proletarian party as the epitome of socialism should also is a noble moral carrier, it should be united, and should not tend to split, the party should not be a limitation of membership, secret activities, centralized structure of the party. It is based on this idea, Zasulich keen to mediate the conflict and revolutionary groups within the party, against Lenin's "democratic centralism" the principle, the October revolution against Lenin's leadership. Zasulich's life is a tragedy, her moral ideal and ultimately failed, the Bolshevik party split; finally mastered the regime. However, Charlie Sulich thought It is valuable and deserves every socialist party for reference and thinking.
This article is divided into six parts.
The first part is the introduction of Zasulich's youth. This part describes Zasufich youth life experience.
The second part discusses the problem of terrorism. On account of Te Lieb J shooting and subsequent to Zasulich trial on the basis of researching the influence of Russian terrorism and Zasufich Zasufich case attitude to terrorism.
The third part expounds Zasulich's discussion on Russian socialism revolution. Zasufich first introduced the communication with Marx, explains the future of the revolution of hiding behind the rural commune problem, and then study Zasulich's attitude towards Russian Revolution.
The fourth part expounds Zasulich's socialist party view. Expounds Zasulich revolutionary unity on the one hand, on the one hand the Zasulich in two after disagreements with Lenin of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party, and then study the Zasulich Party's point of view.
The fifth part introduces Zasufich's last years in a short length.
The final part of the paper is the conclusion, and the full text is summarized.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K512.4

【参考文献】