独立后印度文官制度与政治现代化

发布时间：2018-03-21 14:15

本文选题：印度　切入点：文官制度　出处：《山西大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 18世纪末到19世纪中叶,英国殖民者为了加强对印度的殖民统治,掠夺财富,在印度建立了文官制度。1947年印度摆脱了英国的殖民统治获得了独立,在继承了英国殖民者遗留下的文官制度的同时,印度政府对现有的文官制度进行了民族化的改造,使它成为促进印度实现国家政治现代化,服务于印度国家政治、经济、文化各方面建设的国家公务员制度。本文试图运用政治学与行政管理学的相关理论,并且结合印度独立以来的历史发展,进而通过发掘独立后印度文官制度对国家政治的稳定发展、政府权力的现代化以及印度官制的现代化的作用,来探究独立后印度文官制度与政治现代化之间的关系。论文围绕独立后印度文官制度在印度政治发展中发挥的主要积极作用,力图反映其在印度政治现代化中的地位,揭示其与印度政治现代化的关系。论文正文共分三章。第一章主要从保证国家政策实施的稳定性和削弱国家内部各种势力的政治离心力论述了独立后印度文官制度对于维护国家政治稳定发展的积极作用。第二章主要从加强政府权力的制度化、理性化和世俗化三个方面论述了独立后印度文官制度对于推动政府权力现代化的积极作用。第三章主要从文官制度有利于官吏管理的科学化、有利于官吏选任的民主化及有利于官吏队伍的高效化论述了独立后印度文官制度对于实现官制现代化的积极作用。独立后印度文官制度的实行促进了印度政治现代化的发展,但是任何事物都不可能是十全十美的,都会有其不可否认的缺陷,印度的文官制度同样也是如此。例如,目前印度的文官机构过于庞大,加重了国家财政的负担；在文官中“长官意识”比较浓；文官法规非常繁多且不统一等,这些问题还需通过日后进一步的改革加以解决。
[Abstract]:From 18th century to the middle of 19th century, British colonists established a civil service system in India in order to strengthen its colonial rule over India and plunder its wealth. In 1947, India gained its independence from British colonial rule. While inheriting the civil service system left over by the British colonists, the Indian government reformed the existing civil service system to promote the modernization of India's national politics and serve India's national politics and economy. This paper attempts to apply the relevant theories of political science and administrative management, and combine with the historical development of India since independence. By exploring the role of Indian civil service system in the stable development of national politics, the modernization of government power and the modernization of Indian official system after independence, the relationship between Indian civil service system and political modernization after independence is explored. The thesis focuses on the main positive role of Indian civil service system in Indian political development after independence, and tries to reflect its position in Indian political modernization. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the Indian civil service system after independence from the aspects of ensuring the stability of national policy and weakening the political centrifugal force of various forces within the country. The second chapter focuses on strengthening the institutionalization of government power. The third chapter discusses the positive role of Indian civil service system in promoting the modernization of government power after independence. The third chapter is mainly from the point of view that the civil service system is conducive to the scientific management of government officials. This paper discusses the positive role of the Indian civil service system in realizing the modernization of the official system after independence. The implementation of the Indian civil service system after independence promoted the development of India's political modernization, but nothing can be perfect, and there will be undeniable defects in it. The same is true of the Indian civil service system. For example, At present, India's civil service institutions are too large, which has increased the burden of national finance; among civil servants, the sense of "chief officer" is relatively strong; the civil service laws and regulations are very numerous and not uniform, and so on, these problems still need to be solved through further reform in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K351

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