试论巴西帝国之终结

发布时间：2018-03-22 07:08

本文选题：巴西帝国　切入点：依附性经济　出处：《河北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：19世纪初，在拉丁美洲进行了一场声势浩大的独立运动，在西班牙统治的美洲地区，，殖民地人民经过武装斗争建立了十几个资产阶级共和国，而在葡萄牙的殖民地巴西，则出现了以封建帝制为特征的巴西帝国。巴西帝国(1822—1889年)是巴西由传统社会向现代社会转型的关键时期。该时期，尽管巴西资本主义经济有了一定的发展，但没有彻底摆脱殖民地经济性质，依附性特征明显，西方市场需求的咖啡种植和加工成为国民经济的支柱。单一的经济结构使巴西受制于国际市场，变相导致经济主权丧失。同时随着欧洲移民的大量涌入，中间群体逐渐壮大，冲击了原有社会结构。这些变化推动了巴西帝国境内的共和运动发展，导致巴西帝制出现危机。巴拉圭战争提升了军人势力的政治地位，给他们提供了崛起并问鼎政治的机会，使得巴西帝国执政根基松动,最终导致帝国的终结。通过深入分析巴西帝国终结的原因，可以揭示帝国体制被第一共和国所取代的必然性，以及巴西现代化过程的一般性和特殊性，不仅丰富中国巴西史研究，还可以为现代化理论构建提供有益的案例。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of nineteenth Century, was a great in strength and impetus the independence movement in Latin America, in the Spanish rule in the Americas, the colonists through armed struggle to build a dozen bourgeois republic, and in the Portuguese colony of Brazil, appeared in the feudal monarchy characterized the Empire of Brazil.
The Empire of Brazil (1822 - 1889) is the key in Brazil during the period of transition from traditional society to modern society. During this period, although Brazil capitalist economy develops to a certain extent, but not completely out of the economic nature of the colonies, dependent characteristic is obvious, the western market demand for coffee cultivation and processing become the pillar of the national economy. The single economic structure the Brazil is subject to the international market, in which the economic loss of sovereignty. At the same time, with the influx of immigrants from Europe, the middle group gradually, the impact of the original social structure. These changes promoted the development of the territory of Brazil republican movement of the Empire, led to the Brazil imperial crisis. Paraguay war military forces to enhance the political status, give them the rise of political aspirations and provide opportunities, making the Brazil Empire ruling foundation loose, eventually leading to the end of Empire.
Through in-depth analysis of the reasons for the end of the Brazil Empire, necessity can reveal the imperial system was replaced by the first Republic, general and special, Brazil's modernization process, not only enrich the research of the history of Brazil Chinese, can also be constructed to provide a useful case for the theory of modernization.

【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K777.4

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