一战时期英国远东政策的演变

发布时间：2018-03-26 14:48

本文选题：远东政策　切入点：外交政策　出处：《重庆师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 远东问题在现代国际政治中一向占有突出的地位,英国的远东战略是英国全球战略的重要组成部分。英国远东政策的变化是英国世界地位由盛转衰的显示器。本文从三个阶段来产述英国远东政策的演变。从第一次世界大战爆发到1917年11月兰辛——石井协定签定,是这个时期英国远东战略演变的第一阶段。在这个阶段中,英国正处在对德战争的严峻时刻。英国大幅度地修改了它在战前奉行的远东战略,成功地利用了日美两国作为它反德斗争的得力打手,从而维持和巩固了它在远东建立的反德体系,对实现其战胜德国的世界战略目标产生了重大的影响。从1918年年初到1919年巴黎和会,是英国远东战略不断演变的第二阶段。在这个阶段中,英国通过实行扶日抑美的远东政策,挫败了以雄厚的经济实力为后盾的美国提出的打掉英国世界霸权的战后计划企图进而确立美国的世界霸权。英国新的远东政策为配合它实现维持战后独揽世界霸权地位的世界战略目标,发挥了巨大的作用。从巴黎和会到1921年底、1922年初的华盛顿会议,是英国远东政策进一步演变的第三阶段。在这个阶段中,英国去除了它同美国妥协的最大障碍——扶日抑美的远东政策,通过转而奉行联美抑日的新远东政策,暂时缓和了它与美国的矛盾,为达到它以英美妥协为基础,实现英国保住其生死攸关的那些既得利益、进而长期维持其世界霸权地位的战略目标,创造了合适的国际条件。 “政治是经济的集中表现”。作为内政延长的外交,是该国的世界经济地位的集中表现。在第一次世界大战中“获得胜利、失去优势”的英帝国,已经病入膏肓,无论它的外交家们如何精明,也改变不了它江河日下的颓势。这就是一个老牌帝国主义历史发展的必然逻辑。
[Abstract]:The issue of the far East has always occupied a prominent position in modern international politics, and the British far East strategy is an important part of the British global strategy. The change of the British far East policy is a display of Britain's position in the world from prosperity to decline. This paper describes the evolution of British far East policy in three stages. From the outbreak of the first World War to the signing of the Lansing-Ishii Agreement in November 1917, it is the first stage of the evolution of the British far East strategy in this period. Britain was at a critical moment in the war against Germany. Britain greatly revised the far East strategy it had pursued before the war and successfully used Japan and the United States as its effective fighters in the struggle against Germany. Thus it maintained and consolidated its anti-German system in the far East and had a great influence on the realization of its world strategic goal of defeating Germany. The Paris Peace Conference from the beginning of 1918 to 1919 was the second stage of the continuous evolution of the British far East strategy. In this stage, Britain adopted the far East policy of supporting Japan and suppressing the United States. It thwarted the postwar plan put forward by the United States, backed by its strong economic strength, to destroy British world hegemony, and thus established American world hegemony. The world strategic goal of power status, Played a huge role. From the Paris Peace Conference to the Washington Conference at the end of 1921 and the beginning of 1922, it was the third stage of the further evolution of the British far East policy, in which Britain removed the biggest obstacle to its compromise with the United States, the far East policy of supporting Japan and suppressing the United States. By turning to the new far East policy of combining the United States with Japan, the contradiction between the United States and the United States was temporarily alleviated. In order to achieve its vested interests, which were based on the Anglo-American compromise, Britain kept its life and death at stake. Furthermore, the strategic goal of maintaining its hegemony in the world for a long time has created suitable international conditions. "Politics is a concentrated expression of economy". As an extension of internal affairs and diplomacy, it is a concentrated expression of the country's economic status in the world. The British Empire, which "won and lost its edge" in World War I, is terminally ill, no matter how shrewd its diplomats are. Nor can it change its declining trend. This is the inevitable logic of the historical development of old imperialism.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K561.4

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