族群互动的历史隐喻:菲律宾南吕宋岛的凯萨赛圣母

发布时间：2018-03-27 10:48

本文选题：族群互动　切入点：文化认同　出处：《开放时代》2012年12期

【摘要】：17世纪初,菲律宾吕宋岛南端,现今描东岸省的达社小镇渔民在一次偶然的机会,从海中捞获一尊木刻雕像。西班牙堂区神父初见神像的当下就认定,这尊雕像是西班牙船只上的天主教圣者,为了平息风暴而被掷入海中。但华人迄今却一直将其视为"妈祖"。南吕宋几个华人聚集的"社",于1975年建立天后宫,在供奉复制雕像以前,每年都向教堂借出神像轮流奉祀,有关神明的灵验事迹至今仍广泛流传。本文将指出,这类信仰似乎呈现出族群或文化融合的表象,然而从历史与社会情境而言,这尊菲律宾天主教徒称之为凯萨赛圣母,或华人眼中的"妈祖",实际上是不同族群透过对立诠释而操弄的符号。杂糅的外在仪式表现,反映当地华人在不同的历史场域,与近代文化认同危机中,藉由神明创生神话及仪式庆典,建构我群的认同,而神明传说的不同文本则反映了当地族群互动的历史隐喻。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 17th century, fishermen in the small town of Das in the southern tip of Luzon Island, the Philippines, in what is now the province of East Coast, picked up a wooden statue from the sea by chance. The priest of Spain's parish recognized the statue when he first saw it. The statue, a Catholic saint on a Spanish ship, was thrown into the sea in an effort to quell the storm. But the Chinese have so far regarded it as "Ma Zu." the congregation of several Chinese in Southern Luzon established the Tien Hau Palace in 1975. Before the statue was sacrificed and copied, the gods were loaned to the church in turn every year, and the spiritual deeds of the gods are still widely spread. This article will point out that such beliefs seem to show signs of ethnic or cultural amalgamation. However, in terms of historical and social circumstances, this Filipino Catholic calls it the Lady of Caesar, or "Ma Zu" in the eyes of the Chinese. In fact, it is an external ritual manifestation of different ethnic groups manipulating through opposing interpretations. It reflects that the local Chinese in different historical fields and in the crisis of modern cultural identity construct the identity of our group by the mythology and ritual celebration created by the gods, while the different texts of the gods' legends reflect the historical metaphors of the interaction of the local ethnic groups.
【作者单位】：台湾"中央研究院"近代史研究所;
【分类号】：K341

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