论欧洲一体化的历史进程

发布时间：2018-03-27 22:11

本文选题：欧共体　切入点：欧盟　出处：《广西师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 欧盟成为世界的一极,在国际事务中的地位令世人瞩目。欧洲一体化进程,有其历史必然性。但是在其发展进程中也经历了一定时期的“分”与“合”,最终经过探索、走出了一条通过国与国之间的联盟而达成共赢的道路。 “欧洲统一有其深刻的历史渊源,西欧更是长期以来就有建立国家联合实体的梦想和优势。”从西欧各族族源基本一致,语言、信仰、习俗等非常接近入手,在地缘政治,语言基础及法律体系上都存在走向统一的前提。中世纪的基督教文明使欧洲大陆形成一种统一的信仰和统一的欧洲文化。统一的基督教文明所宣讲的上帝之城开始成为欧洲大统一的模式。文艺复兴时期的城市经济以及启蒙运动的深入发展保持了欧洲的相对统一性。此外,欧洲一体化还有其思想因素,其中包括十八世纪圣·皮埃尔的古典联邦主义学说,康德的有组织的和平主义的思想,卢梭关于建立一个欧洲联邦的设想等,这些思想因素共同构建了欧洲共同体的思想基础。从地理大发展到第二次世界大战“分”决定了欧洲一体化的曲折向前发展。中世纪的“合”,是基督教文化圈对欧洲一体化的凝聚作用,大学的建立发展了统一的欧洲文化,使欧洲成为了精神上的统一体。欧洲大陆疆界的最终形成使欧洲人形成了统一的认同感。16世纪至1945年的“分”导致对利益和霸权的追求和战争的频繁发生,战争成为解决国际问题的主要手段。第二次世界大战后的欧洲四分五裂,“分”中开始蕴含“合”的因素。战争也使人们正确地看待民族主义,从而抛弃了霸权道路,为以后各国在平等互利的基础上让渡主权与谋求统一奠定了思想基础。从另一个角度来说,近代欧洲的分裂是当代欧洲走向联合不可避免的历史过程,反映了曲折向前的历史规律。马歇尔计划的实施及欧洲经合组织的建立推动欧洲开始走上制度化合作的道路,为西方贸易结构重建奠定了基础。战后的英国为了巩固自身的实力提出了三环外交的设想,强调了欧洲文明的统一性和延续性需要大欧洲,积极推动欧洲联盟,力图借助美国的帮忙来延续大国地位。最后,法德宿怨的消除是欧洲统一的前提。以煤钢合作为主要内容的《舒曼宣言》为欧洲开创了一个新的前景,西欧各国积极加入其中,经济一体化逐步开展。经济一体化的实现,经历了双边合作到多边合作的顺利转折,各种合作组织及条约不断出现。经过大胆的尝试,欧洲经济一体化不断向前发展,最终发展为欧共体。司法、人权和文化不断实现一体化。文化、教育和科研的有效合作深化了欧洲文化的统一意识。最后,北大西洋公约组织的建立实现了欧洲安全一体化。“普利文计划”、“富歇计划”以及《达维尼翁报告》启动了“欧洲政治合作机制”,一体化全面铺开。欧洲一体化排除战争的可能,实现了内部的稳定、和平,发展了欧洲经济,提高了欧洲的国际地位,构建了欧洲合作安全的基础。欧洲一体化成为美苏之间的缓冲地带,为苏联提供了一条避开美国与西方接触的捷径。加速了全球的多极化趋势,为经济全球化提供了必要的基础和前提。欧盟用合作与安全的理念走出一条协调发展的复兴之路,各成员国积极的合作、注重务实、求同存异,巩固和扩大一体化的成就,实现了多边合作的共赢!
[Abstract]:The EU has become the world's pole position in international affairs has attracted worldwide attention. The European integration process, has its historical inevitability. But in the process of its development, also experienced a period of "segregation" and "integration", after the final exploration, out of a win-win situation through an alliance between nations the road.
"European unity has its profound historical origin, Western Europe is long established United Nations entities dream and advantage." from Western Europe all ethnic origin is consistent, language, belief, custom is very close to the start, in geopolitics, the premise to unity are the language foundation and the legal system of the middle ages. The Christian civilization in continental Europe, forming a unified belief and a unified European culture. A unified Christian civilization preached by the city of God began to become the European unified model. The further development of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment of the city economy maintained a relatively European unity. In addition, the European integration as well as its ideological factors including the eighteenth Century San Pierre classic theory of federalism, Kant organized pacifist thoughts, Rousseau on the establishment of a European Federation of ideas And so on, these ideological factors jointly build the ideological basis of the European community.
From the geographical development to the Second World War "" determines the tortuous development of European integration. The "integration", is a medieval Christian culture on the cohesion of European integration, the establishment of a unified development of European culture, so that Europe has become the unity of spirit. Finally formed in continental Europe boundaries the Europeans have formed a unified identity.16 century to 1945 "points" to lead to frequent interests and hegemony and the pursuit of the war, the war has become the main means to solve international problems. After the Second World War in Europe began to split, "" contains "close" factors. The war also makes people right view of nationalism, and abandoned the hegemony of the road, laid the foundation for the future all countries on the basis of equality mutual benefit and seek unity of sovereignty. From another perspective, nearly The division of the generation of Europe is an inevitable historical process in contemporary Europe to the union, reflecting the tortuous history of history.
The Marshall plan and promote the establishment of the European OECD Europe institutionalized cooperation, laid the foundation for Western trade structure reconstruction. Postwar Britain in order to consolidate their strength and put forward the idea of ring diplomacy, emphasizes the European civilization unity and continuity to Europe, and actively promote the European Union. With the help of the United States to help the continuation of superpower status. Finally, the elimination of France is the premise of European unity feud. In economic cooperation as the main content of "Schuhmann declaration for Europe has created a new outlook, Western European countries actively participate, economic integration is gradually carried out.
The realization of economic integration, through bilateral cooperation to the smooth transition of multilateral cooperation, cooperative organization and the treaty appears continuously. After a bold attempt, the European economic integration development, and ultimately the development of EC. Justice, human rights and culture integration. Culture, education and scientific research of the effective cooperation and deepen the unity consciousness of Europe culture. Finally, the establishment of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to achieve integration of European security. "Pleven plan", "Fouchet's plan" and "davignion report" launched the "European political cooperation mechanism, integration in full swing.
European integration may exclude war, to achieve internal stability, peace and development of the European economy, improve the international status of Europe, the European security cooperation to build a foundation. European integration has become a buffer zone between America and the Soviet Union, the United States provides a avoid contact with the west is a shortcut to the Soviet Union. Accelerated multi polarization the global trend, it provides the foundation and prerequisite for the economic globalization. With the EU cooperation and security concept out of a coordinated development of the road to revival, all members of the positive cooperation, pragmatic, seek common ground, consolidate and expand the achievements of the integration, multilateral cooperation and win-win!

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K505

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