论修道院在西欧中世纪早期的文化中心地位及期成因

发布时间：2018-04-19 11:11

本文选题：修道院 + 中世纪　；参考：《河北师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在西欧中世纪早期(5到11世纪)的文化重建过程中,修道院制度起着不可替代的作用。它作为当时唯一的文化实体保存和延续了濒临灭绝的古典文明。我们研究西方中世纪的文化,就不可避免地要研究修道院制度,因为它是贯穿其中的最为典型的文化组织,在西方历史的发展中占据重要地位。本文除前言和结语外,主要分三个部分进行论述。前言部分论述了本文的研究意义、研究综述和研究方法。文章第一部分主要介绍修道院制度产生的背景、早期发展情况以及西欧几种修道院的典型。最初的修道生活表现为极端的禁欲主义,当其与基督教相结合后,便逐渐发展成一种以净化灵魂为目的的集体生活方式。在西欧,修道院制度被改造为不同的派别。它们在不同程度上影响着西欧文化的发展进程。文章第二部分着重论述了修道院在西欧中世纪早期的文化中心地位。当罗马帝国轰然崩溃后,修道院以其特有的方式延续了古典文明的火种,并且挑起培养人才的重担,成为中世纪人才的摇篮。为上帝服务的主观动机,在客观上却使修道院发展成为学术研究的中心。而且艺术在满足宗教生活的同时也得到了自身的发展和创新。这些都说明修道院已成为西欧中世纪早期的文化中心。文章第三部分主要分析修道院成为当时文化中心的原因。修道院能够代替政府行使某些文教职能,主要得益于其自身的组织优势。神圣的目的、宁静的氛围、藏书丰富的图书馆、稳定的师资力量和严格的纪律,这些都是修道院发展文教事业的优势。此外,自给自足的经济模式、模范庄园式的管理以及后来大地产的形成,都为修道院的发展提供了雄厚的经济基础。最后,修道院的发展也得到了来自教俗封建主的大力支持,从而获得了较为宽松的政治环境。结语部分在总结全文的基础上,简要阐述了中世纪修道院的作用和影响。
[Abstract]:The monastery system played an irreplaceable role in the process of cultural reconstruction in the early Middle Ages of Western Europe.As the only cultural entity at that time, it preserved and continued the endangered classical civilization.When we study western medieval culture, we inevitably have to study the monastery system, because it is the most typical cultural organization running through it and plays an important role in the development of western history.In addition to the preface and conclusion, this article is mainly divided into three parts.The preface discusses the research significance, research summary and research methods of this paper.The first part mainly introduces the background of monastery system, its early development and several typical monasteries in Western Europe.The initial religious life was characterized by extreme asceticism, and when it was combined with Christianity, it gradually developed into a collective way of life aimed at purifying the soul.In Western Europe, the monastery system was transformed into different factions.To some extent, they affect the development of Western European culture.The second part focuses on the cultural center of monasteries in the early Middle Ages of Western Europe.After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the monastery continued the fire of classical civilization in its unique way, and carried the heavy burden of cultivating talents and became the cradle of talent in the Middle Ages.The subjective motive of serving God objectively turned the monastery into the center of academic research.And art in meeting religious life at the same time also got its own development and innovation.All this shows that monasteries have become cultural centers in the early Middle Ages of Western Europe.The third part of the article mainly analyzes the reason why the monastery became the cultural center at that time.Monasteries can perform certain cultural and educational functions on behalf of the government, mainly thanks to their own organizational advantages.Sacred aims, tranquil atmosphere, a rich library, stable faculty and strict discipline are all the advantages of monastery in the development of cultural and educational undertakings.In addition, self-sufficient economic model, model manor management, and later the formation of large real estate, all provided a solid economic foundation for the development of the monastery.Finally, the development of monasteries was strongly supported by religious feudal masters, thus obtaining a relatively loose political environment.On the basis of summing up the full text, the conclusion briefly expounds the function and influence of medieval monasteries.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K503

【共引文献】