阿伊努民族归化的苦难之路

发布时间：2018-04-30 06:41

本文选题：归化 + 阿伊努民族　；参考：《山西大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：日本近代以来,研究阿伊努的学者真正擅长的领域主要是阿伊努语的描述和阿伊努口头文学的记录与研究。而真正从历史学和民族学意义上的阿伊努文化研究尚未有效开展。通过一百多年来对阿伊努语言细致精确的观察与记录以及阿伊努语目前所面临的境遇来看,今后对阿伊努语的基础调查工作将会走向衰竭。另一方面,对阿伊努人的起源、阿伊努文化与日本文化及其他周边民族文化的关系、阿伊努精神文化等的研究,在今后相当一段时间将会成为同本国内阿伊努研究的热点。中国学者对其服饰、宗教信仰、社会语言学及社会文化等进行了研究。这些研究都是以科学的态度历史地看待曾经存在的阿伊努文化与日本文化的联系,既不夸大也不漠视。但是国内目前对阿伊努民族的研究尚停留在基础文化的比较阶段。我之所以选择阿伊努民族的“归化”为题,是因为在我国从这个角度研究的资料和成果基本没有。这个方面包括归化、贸易、政策。从这个特殊角度所看到的阿伊努民族会是什么样呢。本文主要是从以下几个方面论述的。第一章,由阿伊努民族的起源开始论述,以同本人与阿伊努民族以及虾夷的关系为中心展开分析。在这部分里大致概述了同本的古代土著民族,并从土著民族入手探寻阿伊努民族的归化方式,主要分析了虾夷与阿伊努民族的关系,为第二章中证明虾夷地是阿伊努民族的居住地埋下了伏笔。第二章,探讨了阿伊努民族的居住地。众所周知,阿伊努民族自古代以来主要分布在东北地方。后来,北海道成为主要的居住地。在这部分里对古代东北地方与近代的北海道进行了论述。地域的变化往往同战争有着很深的关系。其中,就包括了征服与被征服的过程,表现为战争。第三章,详细论述了阿伊努文化中的贸易发展情况。这部分探讨贸易与文化的关系,同时,综述了阿伊努民族的贸易史。不同阶段的贸易也有与其相对应的制度。因此,在分析阿伊努民族的贸易史时,一定会发现不同时期下所制定和实施的各种贸易制度。本章对重要的贸易制度进行了概述。第四章,为了维持经济的发展,从古代到现代国家都会采取必要的相应的政治策略,或称为政策。贸易制度即是经济政策。近代国家的政治手段主要表现为法律。因此,这部分主要对近代国家法令进行梳理,探寻阿伊努民族政策的主线。第五章,最后得出结论。从民族、贸易、政策的角度对阿伊努民族的归化问题进行了详尽的分析。由此可见,现代阿伊努民族经历了艰难的归化的过程仍然面临着许多难题与障碍,必须要勇于面对并对之挑战。
[Abstract]:Since modern Japan, the scholars who study Ainu are mainly in the description of Ainu language and the record and research of Ainu oral literature. However, the study of Ainu culture in the sense of history and ethnology has not been carried out effectively. Through the careful and accurate observation and record of Ainu language for more than one hundred years and the current situation of Ainu language, the basic investigation of Ainu language will go to exhaustion in the future. On the other hand, the study of the origin of Ainu, the relationship between Ainu culture and Japanese culture and other surrounding cultures, and the study of Ainu spiritual culture will become the focus of study with Ainu in the near future. Chinese scholars have studied their costumes, religious beliefs, sociolinguistics and social culture. All of these studies view the relationship between Ainu culture and Japanese culture in a scientific way, and neither exaggerate nor ignore it. However, the study of Ainu is still in the comparative stage of basic culture. The reason why I chose the "naturalization" of the Ainu nationality is that there are no data and achievements from this point of view in our country. This includes naturalization, trade, and policy. What would the Ainu people look like from this particular angle? This article is mainly discussed from the following aspects. In the first chapter, the origin of the Ainu nationality is discussed, and the relationship with the Ainu nationality and Xianyi is analyzed as the center. In this part, the author gives a general overview of the ancient indigenous peoples, and explores the domestication of the Ainu people from the indigenous peoples, and mainly analyzes the relationship between Xianyi and the Ainu people. Foreshadowed for the second chapter to prove that shrimp is the residence of the Ainu people. The second chapter discusses the residence of the Ainu people. As we all know, the Ainu people have been mainly distributed in the northeast since ancient times. Later, Hokkaido became the main place of residence. In this part, the ancient northeast and modern Hokkaido are discussed. Geographical changes are often deeply related to war. Among them, it includes the process of conquest and subjugation, manifested as war. The third chapter discusses the development of trade in Ainu culture in detail. This part discusses the relationship between trade and culture, and summarizes the history of Ainu's trade. Different stages of trade also have corresponding systems. Therefore, in analyzing the trade history of the Ainu people, we must find out the various trade systems developed and implemented in different periods. This chapter gives an overview of important trade regimes. Chapter IV, in order to maintain economic development, countries from ancient to modern countries will adopt the necessary political strategies, or policies. The trade system is economic policy. The main political means of modern countries are law. Therefore, this part mainly combs the modern state law, explores the main line of the Ainu national policy. Chapter five draws a conclusion. From the angle of nationality, trade and policy, this paper makes a detailed analysis on the naturalization of the Ainu nationality. It can be seen that the modern Ainu nation has experienced a difficult process of naturalization and still faces many difficulties and obstacles, it must be brave to face and challenge it.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K313

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