俄国在伊朗立宪革命中的作用评析

发布时间：2018-04-30 12:09

本文选题：俄国 + 伊朗　；参考：《西北大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪初期,世界风云变幻。世界主要资本主义国家进入帝国主义阶段,亚洲被压迫民族国家进入所谓的“亚洲觉醒”时期,1905—1911年的伊朗立宪革命正发生于这一国际大背景下。立宪革命既是伊朗现代政治的发端,宪法和议会在革命中首次引入伊朗,也是伊朗民族主义的发展,革命具有反对殖民主义的性质,但革命最后以失败告终。革命失败固然与伊朗国内各种条件发展不成熟有关,更重要的是与外国的干涉尤其是俄国的干涉有关。争夺世界霸权是沙皇俄国一贯追求的目标,俄国早就把夺取资源丰富、战略地位重要的伊朗作为其南下争霸印度洋和侵略南亚次大陆的一个重要步骤。自18世纪以来,俄国一直致力于通过侵占领土以及政治经济与军事手段控制伊朗,伊朗承受着俄国的压迫与奴役。伊朗立宪革命爆发后,俄国竭力阻挠革命的发展,甚至和英国合力谋杀革命。本文旨在评析俄国在伊朗立宪革命中的作用。本文认为由于俄国自身的利益关切,它在革命中发挥了很大的消极作用,尤其是俄国对革命的干涉一步步地推动着革命走向失败。伊朗立宪革命的爆发缘于俄国因素的推动；第一届议会的中断有俄国的鼓动；革命第二阶段初期俄国对革命的干预致使重建后的伊朗议会更加软弱；第二届议会时期,俄国对革命的强势介入,最终导致伊朗议会的终结。
[Abstract]:In the early 20 th century, the world changed. The major capitalist countries in the world entered the stage of imperialism and the Asian oppressed nation-states entered the so-called "Asian Awakening" period. The Iranian constitutional revolution of 1905-1911 is taking place under this international background. The constitutional revolution was not only the beginning of modern Iranian politics, but also the development of Iranian nationalism. The constitution and parliament introduced Iran for the first time in the revolution. The revolution had the nature of opposing colonialism, but the revolution ended in failure. The failure of the revolution was not only related to the immature conditions in Iran, but also to the foreign intervention, especially the Russian intervention. Striving for world hegemony is a consistent goal pursued by the tsarist Russia, which has long taken Iran, which is rich in resources and important in its strategic position, as an important step in its struggle to dominate the Indian Ocean and invade the South Asian subcontinent. Since the 18th century, Russia has been trying to control Iran through occupation, politics, economy and military means. Iran is under Russian oppression and enslavement. After Iran's constitutional revolution broke out, Russia tried to block its development and even joined forces with Britain to murder the revolution. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate Russia's role in Iran's constitutional revolution. This paper argues that Russia has played a negative role in the revolution because of its own interest, especially the Russian intervention in the revolution has pushed the revolution to failure step by step. The outbreak of Iran's constitutional revolution was driven by Russian factors; the first parliament was interrupted by Russian agitation; the Russian intervention in the revolution at the beginning of the second stage of the revolution made the reconstructed Iranian parliament weaker; during the second parliament, Russia's strong involvement in the revolution led to the end of Iran's parliament.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K373.44;K512.4

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