二战期间日军731部队人体实验的伦理批判

发布时间：2018-05-08 09:32

本文选题：731部队 + 人体实验　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 第二次世界大战期间，侵华日军建立了一批从事人体细菌战实验的基地。其中最为臭名昭著的就是位于中国东北哈尔滨平房地区的731部队。该部队在部队长石井四郎的率领下，利用大批无辜的中国人以及其他国家的人做惨无人道的实验，并将其实验的结果用于细菌作战，其令人发指的残暴程度不亚于甚至远远超过了同时期的德国纳粹集中营。其中更是蕴含着大量的医学道德问题。事实上，731部队所进行的非人道实验给整个人类道德所带来的冲击是显而易见的，，它直接动摇了整个人类人之为人的道德基础，引发了一系列的人道主义危机。我们认为，为了从历史上吸取教训，使科学真正地为人类造福。应当对731部队人体实验进行深入的伦理反思和批判。这不仅是对历史的尊重，同时也是人类伦理道德体系中一个重要的理论和实践问题。到目前为止，已有多位学者对该暴行进行了多层次的史料及伦理研究，本文主要采用案例分析的方法，在对基本史实进行系统介绍和总结前人研究的基础上，从伦理视角对二战日军731部队所进行的反人道主义人体实验进行了多方位的考察。并提出了作者自己的观点：对731部队人体实验进行批判，特别是从伦理视角进行考察，不仅是要“唤醒历史意识，防止集体遗忘”，更为重要的是彰显道德价值，规范人体实验，为当代医学科学研究的发展提供适当的道德支撑体系；日军731部队人体实验是对医学的目的原则、知情同意原则、维护受试者利益的原则以及科学性原则的严重违背；白军731部队人体实验是人类的耻辱，这些暴行之所以会产生有着深刻的道德根源：科学需要与伦理原则的内在矛盾是它的间接原因，日本的武士道思想影响下形成伦理霸权主义是它的直接原因。本文对731部队人体实验审视所获得的启示是：必须加强医学人体实验的伦理审查，必须重视医德建设，必须促进医学技术道德属性的研究。
[Abstract]:During World War II, the Japanese invading China established a number of bases for human bacteriological warfare experiments. One of the most notorious is the 731 unit in Harbin, northeast China. Led by Siro Ishii, the commander of the army, the force used a large number of innocent Chinese and people from other countries to carry out inhuman experiments and to use the results of its experiments in bacteriological warfare. Its outrageous brutality was no less than or far greater than the Nazi concentration camps of the same period in Germany. Among them, there are a lot of medical moral problems. As a matter of fact, the impact of the inhuman experiment carried out on the whole human morality is obvious, which directly shakes the moral foundation of the whole human being and causes a series of humanitarian crises. We believe that in order to draw lessons from history, so that science truly for the benefit of mankind. The human body experiment of 731 troops should be deeply reflected and criticized. This is not only a respect for history, but also an important theoretical and practical problem in human ethical system. Up to now, many scholars have carried on the multi-level historical data and the ethics research to this atrocity, this article mainly uses the case analysis method, carries on the systematic introduction to the basic historical facts and summarizes the predecessor research foundation, The anti-humanitarian human experiments carried out by Japanese Army 731 in World War II were investigated from an ethical point of view. And put forward the author's own viewpoint: to criticize the human body experiment of the 731 unit, especially to investigate from the angle of ethics, is not only to "awaken the historical consciousness and prevent the collective forgetting", but more important is to show the moral value. Standardizing human body experiments, providing an appropriate moral support system for the development of contemporary medical scientific research. The principle of safeguarding the interests of the subjects and the principle of being scientific are seriously violated; the human experiment of the White Army 731 is a disgrace to mankind. These atrocities have profound moral roots: the internal contradiction between scientific needs and ethical principles is its indirect reason, and the formation of ethical hegemonism under the influence of Bushido thought in Japan is its direct cause. The enlightenment of this paper is that we must strengthen the ethical review of medical human experiments, attach importance to the construction of medical ethics, and promote the study of medical technology and morality.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K152

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