对第二次美国妇女运动两大分支力量的考察

发布时间：2018-05-19 16:46

本文选题：妇女运动 + 全国妇女组织　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国妇女运动是美国历史的重要组成部分,内容涉及美国社会的诸多领域,如历史、政治、经济、文化等。妇女运动对整个美国社会产生了深远影响,尤其是对美国妇女的生活转变具有重要意义。本文旨在探讨第二次美国妇女运动的两大分支力量:由“全国妇女组织”领导的妇女争取平等权利运动以及由激进派女权主义者发起的妇女解放运动。第一章在回顾美国妇女运动历史的同时着重分析了第二次运动浪潮的发生。这一讨论主题围绕当时的社会意识形态、肯尼迪政府所营造的政治氛围、二次世界大战对妇女经济社会地位的影响、妇女受教育情况、以及黑人民权运动这几方面展开。第二章以第二次妇女运动的先锋组织—“全国妇女组织”为研究对象。这一章介绍了全国妇女组织的成立及核心领导力量,讨论了全国妇女组织的斗争策略以及斗争内容,特别是为平等权利修正案的通过所付出的努力。最后分析总结了在通过平等权利修正案的过程中存在的问题及失败的原因。第三章对激进女权主义所进行的妇女解放运动进行论述。其中涉及到激进女权主义的兴起,斗争内容和斗争策略。特别讨论了激进女权主义所发起的“提高觉悟小组”对第二次妇女运动所产生的影响。第四章围绕两大妇女组织所展开的主要斗争议题进行详尽的讨论。这一部分主要围绕妇女争取堕胎权、建立日托所、同性恋问题、和反对暴力侵犯几个方面展开论述。第五章首先论述了两大分支的意识形态基础。接着对自由女性主义和激进女性主义,全国妇女组织和妇女解放运动进行了对比讨论。最后指出尽管两大力量间在最初存在众多不同,最终她们还是为同一奋斗目标逐渐融合。本文最后总结指出:当代美国妇女运动的两大分支在各自思想观点和领导力量的指导下为美国妇女争取更多平等权利做出了巨大的贡献。正是两大分支的共同存在使得此次运动呈现出更加丰富的内容并且产生更加广泛的影响力。作者在分析此次运动的两大分支时,对当代妇女运动取得的成就和存在的问题有了新的认识。虽然其奋斗目标并没有完全实现,但是对两大分支进行的分析研究不仅有益于我们更好的理解当代美国社会及文化,而且对于我国妇女运动也有积极的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:American women's movement is an important part of American history, which covers many fields of American society, such as history, politics, economy, culture and so on. The women's movement has had a profound impact on American society, especially on the transformation of American women's lives. This paper aims to explore the two branches of the second American Women's Movement: the Women's Equal Rights Movement led by the National Women's Organization and the Women's Liberation Movement initiated by radical feminists. The first chapter reviews the history of American women's movement and analyzes the occurrence of the second movement. The discussion focused on the social ideology of the time, the political atmosphere created by the Kennedy administration, the impact of World War II on women's economic and social status, women's education, and the black civil rights movement. The second chapter focuses on the National Women's Organization (NWO), the pioneer organization of the second Women's Movement. This chapter introduces the establishment and core leadership of the National Women's Organization, and discusses the strategies and contents of the struggle of the National Women's Organization, especially the efforts made for the adoption of the Equal Rights Amendment. Finally, the problems and reasons of failure in the process of adopting the Equal Rights Amendment are analyzed and summarized. The third chapter discusses the women's liberation movement carried out by radical feminism. It involves the rise, content and tactics of radical feminism. In particular, the impact of the Awareness Group initiated by radical feminism on the second Women's Movement was discussed. Chapter four focuses on the main issues of struggle between the two major women's organizations. This part focuses on women's right to abortion, the establishment of day care, homosexuality, and the fight against violence. The fifth chapter first discusses the ideological basis of the two branches. Then the free feminism and the radical feminism, the national women's organization and the women's liberation movement are compared and discussed. Finally, it is pointed out that although there are many differences between the two forces at first, they eventually merge for the same purpose. At the end of this paper, it is pointed out that the two branches of the contemporary American women's movement have made great contributions to American women's equal rights under the guidance of their respective ideas and leading forces. It is the existence of the two branches that makes the movement richer and more influential. In analyzing the two branches of the movement, the author has a new understanding of the achievements and problems of the contemporary women's movement. Although its goal has not been fully realized, the analysis of the two branches is not only beneficial to us to better understand the contemporary American society and culture, but also has positive reference significance for our women's movement.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K712

【共引文献】