12世纪文艺复兴与大学的兴起

发布时间：2018-05-21 19:37

本文选题：世纪文艺复兴 + 大学　；参考：《上海海洋大学学报》2012年02期

【摘要】：中世纪是一个伟大的综合时代。相比较9世纪的加洛林文艺复兴,12世纪文艺复兴是中世纪的一次全面的学术复兴,是一次伟大的文化运动。城市的复兴和翻译运动催生了12世纪的文艺复兴。大学是中世纪留给后世最重要的遗产,它兴起于12世纪文艺复兴时代。城市的复兴为大学提供了物质和精神基础,诞生了知识分子阶层,城市中的工商业者的行会为汇聚在城市中的师生提供了自我组织的制度参照。翻译运动使古典知识重新返回欧洲,为大学中的师生提供了讨论和研究的材料。大学是教师和学生在与市民、城市当局和教会等势力斗争的过程中形成的,是学者的行会。12世纪至少自发形成了四所大学,其中波隆那大学作为学生型大学成为南欧大学的典范,巴黎大学作为教师型大学,成为北欧大学的典范。中世纪大学在本质上是师生的行会,并且具有国际性、教会性、特权性的特征。现代大学是中世纪大学的直系后裔。
[Abstract]:The Middle Ages were a great comprehensive age. The 12 th century Renaissance is a comprehensive academic revival in the Middle Ages and a great cultural movement. The revival of cities and the translation movement gave birth to the Renaissance in the 12 th century. The university, the most important legacy of the Middle Ages, rose in the 12 th century Renaissance. The revival of the city provides the material and spiritual foundation for the university, the birth of the intellectual stratum, and the guild of the industrial and commercial people in the city provides a self-organizing system reference for the teachers and students gathered in the city. The translation movement brought classical knowledge back to Europe, providing discussion and research materials for university students and teachers. Universities are formed by teachers and students in the struggle against the forces of citizens, city authorities and churches. It is the trade associations of scholars that spontaneously formed at least four universities in the 12th century. Among them, the University of Bologna, as a student university, has become a model of southern European universities, and the University of Paris, as a teacher-oriented university, has become a model of Nordic universities. Medieval universities were essentially associations of teachers and students, and had international, ecclesiastical and privileged characteristics. Modern universities are direct descendants of medieval universities.
【作者单位】：上海海洋大学社会科学部;
【基金】：上海海洋大学重点建设高水平综合教育选修课程项目(A-2600-11-0020)
【分类号】：K132

【共引文献】