二战期间列强对叙利亚和黎巴嫩的争夺

发布时间：2018-05-26 21:48

本文选题：第二次世界大战 + 列强　；参考：《山西大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 叙利亚和黎巴嫩地处欧亚非三大洲的要冲,自古以来就是有关强国的必争之地。第二次世界大战在欧洲全面爆发后,中东地区直接遭受战争军事行动影响的仅有马格里布,但是列强在中东地区政治外交舞台上的角逐却愈演愈烈,对叙利亚和黎巴嫩的争夺就是其中之一。当代叙利亚和黎巴嫩两国所在地,第一次世界大战期间被英、法占领,大战结束后,经协约国最高理事会决定交由法国实施委任统治。1940年6月,法国被德国击败,叙利亚和黎巴嫩战略地位的重要性陡增,德、意、英、法(维希政府与“自由法国”)等国争相加紧了对该地区的控制与抢夺。这其中既包括法西斯国家与反法西斯盟国之间的争夺,也包括反法西斯盟国内部的冲突与摩擦。列强的争夺虽然在形式上各有不同,但都是为了实现争霸利益最大化而采取的手段。在列强争夺的夹缝中,叙黎人民抓住了摆脱殖民统治的机遇,实现了国家独立的愿望。本文以二战期间有关大国对叙利亚和黎巴嫩的争夺为个案,进行一次比较细致、全面的学术梳理,以期补充和深化对中东地区受二战影响的有关问题的理解。本文包括引言、正文、结论、参考文献四部分。引言部分:阐明本选题的背景、意义、研究目的、研究方法以及国内外研究动态。正文部分共分为四章,具体内容分述如下: 第一章:概述了一战结束后法国对叙利亚和黎巴嫩委任统治权的确立,及至二战全面爆发前,随着欧洲局势的变化,法国对叙黎统治政策所作的调整。第二章:梳理了1940年夏法国沦陷后,德、意、英、法(维希政府与“自由法国”)围绕叙利亚和黎巴嫩的主权归属以及军事利用等问题所进行的争斗。第三章:运用对比的方法,深刻剖析了德、意、英、法争夺叙黎政策手段的异同,以及他们各自政策的利益所在。第四章:论述了列强的争夺对叙黎的客观影响,即加速了法国委任统治的终结,促进了叙黎民族主义力量的壮大,为包括叙黎在内的中东国家摆脱殖民统治提供了机遇。结论部分:简要总结了二战期间,列强对叙黎争夺的原因、特点、实质、以及对战后叙黎发展的影响。
[Abstract]:Syria and Lebanon, located on three continents, Eurasia and Africa, have been competing for power since ancient times. After the outbreak of the second World War in Europe, only the Maghreb was directly affected by the war and military actions in the Middle East region, but the rivalry of the powers in the political and diplomatic arena of the Middle East region became increasingly fierce. The battle over Syria and Lebanon is one of them. The seat of contemporary Syria and Lebanon, occupied by Britain and France during the first World War. After the war was over, the Supreme Council of the Confederate Nations decided to hand over its mandate to France, which was defeated by Germany in June 1940. The strategic position of Syria and Lebanon has grown in importance, with Germany, Italy, Britain, France (the Vichy government and "Free France") scrambling to control and seize the region. This includes not only the scramble between fascist countries and anti-fascist allies, but also the conflicts and frictions within anti-fascist allies. Although the forms of the scramble for the powers are different, they are all the means to maximize the interests of hegemony. In the gap between the great powers, the Syrian-Lebanese people seized the opportunity to get rid of colonial rule and realized their national independence. This paper takes the competition between Syria and Lebanon during World War II as an example and makes a detailed and comprehensive academic review in order to supplement and deepen the understanding of the problems affected by World War II in the Middle East. This article includes the introduction, the body, the conclusion, the reference four parts. Introduction: explain the background, significance, research purpose, research methods and domestic and foreign research trends. The text is divided into four chapters, the specific content is as follows: The first chapter summarizes the establishment of the appointed rule over Syria and Lebanon after the first World War, and the adjustment of the rule policy of France to Syria and Lebanon with the change of the situation in Europe before the outbreak of World War II. Chapter two: after the fall of France in the summer of 1940, Germany, Italy, England, France (Vichy Government and Free France) fought over the sovereignty and military use of Syria and Lebanon. Chapter three: using the method of contrast, the paper analyzes the similarities and differences between Germany, Italy, Britain and France in the policy of Syria and Lebanon, and the interests of their respective policies. Chapter four discusses the objective influence of the scramble of the powers on Syria and Lebanon, that is, accelerating the end of the appointed rule of France, promoting the strength of the nationalistic forces of Syria and Lebanon, and providing an opportunity for the Middle Eastern countries, including Syria and Lebanon, to get rid of colonial rule. Conclusion: the paper briefly summarizes the causes, characteristics, essence and influence on the development of Syria and Lebanon during World War II.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K152

【参考文献】