17世纪英国革命期间共和派对古典民主与共和制度的运用

发布时间：2018-05-29 05:38

本文选题：英国革命 + 古典民主与共和传统　；参考：《世界历史》2012年02期

【摘要】：17世纪英国社会与文化具有浓厚的古典氛围,基础教育和大学教育的古典特色,上层社会的古典修养,以及近代资源的缺乏,让共和派思想家们大量借用古典民主与共和传统,抨击君主专制,积极阐述共和政治的优点,并以古代雅典、斯巴达和罗马的共和制为基础,构想近代国家的制度与体系。在某些情况下,古典传统可能直接激励了英国人的革命行动。霍布斯对古代自由和永恒战争状态的抨击,从反面体现了古典共和传统的积极作用。但英国革命毕竟是近代的产物,革命进程主要由17世纪英国的社会基础决定,而且共和派只是当时思想潮流的一个分支,其理论基础也主要来自近代的契约理论与天赋人权。古典共和传统主要是给他们已有的信念和行动增加权威的一种手段。
[Abstract]:The British society and culture in the 17th century had a strong classical atmosphere, the classical characteristics of basic education and university education, the classical cultivation of the upper class, and the lack of modern resources, so that the Republican thinkers borrowed a lot of classical democracy and Republican tradition. Attacking the autocratic monarchy, expounding the merits of Republican politics, and based on the republicanism of ancient Athens, Spartan and Rome, the system and system of modern country were conceived. In some cases, classical traditions may directly inspire British revolutionary action. Hobbes' attack on the state of ancient freedom and eternal war reflects the positive role of the classical Republican tradition. But the British revolution was the product of modern times, and the revolutionary process was mainly determined by the social foundation of England in the 17th century, and the Republican school was only a branch of the ideological trend at that time, and its theoretical basis mainly came from the modern contract theory and the natural human rights. The tradition of classical republicanism is mainly a means of adding authority to their existing beliefs and actions.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K561.4

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