卫三畏在美国远征日本过程中的作用及影响研究（1853-1854）

发布时间：2018-05-31 19:42

本文选题：卫三畏 + 美国远征日本　；参考：《福建师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：1853到1854年,卫三畏作为首席翻译参与美国远征日本并取得成功。这标志着美国先于其他欧洲国家打开日本国门。19世纪中期,美国完成了大陆扩张,将眼观投向广阔的太平洋,开始重视东亚两个主要的国家：中国和日本。美国对日本的认识有赖于当时在东亚活动的传教士群体。出于国内外市场拓展的需要,美国决定派出佩里舰队远征日本。面对这个艰巨的使命,佩里到中国找到当时颇富名气的“东亚通”卫三畏。卫三畏在国家利益的感召下放下手中的工作,全力投入到美国远征的外交事务中。期间,卫三畏受强烈的宗教动机推动,并根据美日双方不同现实利益的要求,运用其娴熟的外交手腕,成为美日间谈判的桥梁,既避免了因美国态度过于强硬而刺激日本,又运用威吓外交措辞迫使日本向美国妥协,成功促使日本与美国签订《神奈川条约》。必须指出的是,这绝非卫三畏一人之功,但其作用是不可忽视的。双方谈判期间,卫三畏并非一味的追求美国利益最大化,而是结合具体的实际加上他个人的历史经验,较好的将他的宗教动机和现实利益进行结合,成功完成美国远征日本的目标,给日本留下较好的国家形象。后来,卫三畏也因远征的突出贡献受到美国政府的重用。显然,卫三畏身为传教士,却在远征日本中发挥出重要的外交作用,这是一个展现宗教人士如何处理宗教动机与外交关系的典型个案,为今天国家运用外交重视发挥宗教人士的历史作用的课题增益些历史的启示。
[Abstract]:From 1853 to 1854, Wei was successful as chief translator in the American expedition to Japan. This marks that the United States opened the door of Japan before other European countries. In the mid-19th century, the United States completed its continental expansion, focusing on the vast Pacific Ocean, and began to attach importance to the two major countries in East Asia: China and Japan. America's understanding of Japan depended on the missionaries who were active in East Asia at that time. The United States decided to send the Perry Fleet to Japan in order to expand its market at home and abroad. Faced with this arduous mission, Perry went to China to find the famous East Asia Tong Wei San Fu. Inspired by the national interest, Wei put down his work and devoted himself to the foreign affairs of the American expedition. During the period, Wei San-awe was driven by strong religious motives, and according to the demands of the different realistic interests of the United States and Japan, he used his skilful diplomatic skills to become a bridge for US-Japan negotiations, thus avoiding stimulating Japan because the United States was too tough. The use of intimidating diplomatic language forced Japan to compromise with the United States, successfully prompting Japan to sign the Kanagawa Treaty with the United States. It must be pointed out that this is by no means a feat of one man, but its role cannot be ignored. During the negotiations between the two sides, Wei Sanshou did not blindly pursue the maximization of US interests, but combined his specific reality with his own historical experience, and better combined his religious motives with his practical interests. Successful completion of the goal of the United States expedition to Japan, leaving a good national image for Japan. Later, Wei Sanshang was reused by the US government for his remarkable contribution to the expedition. Obviously, as a missionary, Wei Sanshou played an important diplomatic role in the expedition to Japan. This is a typical case of how religious people deal with religious motives and diplomatic relations. Some historical enlightenments have been gained for the subject of using diplomacy to give full play to the historical role of religious personages.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K712.42;K313.36

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