1995年以来中美两国对非洲经贸战略比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 02:24

本文选题：1995年以来 + 中国　；参考：《江西师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文集中论述1995年以来中国和美国对非洲的经贸战略,这是两国各自非洲战略的重要组成部分。在冷战时期,中美两国都受意识形态的支配而重视非洲,并且都以经济援助的方式与非洲国家发展经济联系。冷战结束后,尤其从1995年开始,中美两国几乎同时调整了非洲经贸战略。两国非洲经贸新战略共同的特征是,以经贸合作取代过去的经济援助。中美两国非洲经贸新战略的实施,给两国及非洲的发展都带来了重大影响。与非洲的贸易、对非洲的投资,都使中美两国获得了巨大的经济利益。这主要表现在商品贸易的高额利润回报和非洲自然资源的获取等方面。同时,非洲国家也从中受益,主要表现在吸收外资、开发自然资源、改善基础设施、提升产业结构等方面。中美两国的非洲经贸新战略在理论和实践上既有共同性,又有差异性,但更多的是后者。两国都以国家利益为基础制定对非洲的经贸战略,并且都看重非洲的石油等自然资源。但是,中国与非洲国家发展经贸合作关系,强调平等互利,淡化意识形态,并且带有一定的取得非洲国家国际支持的目的。而美国与非洲国家发展经贸合作关系,公开附带了诸多苛刻的政治经济条件,保有意识形态,并且带有强烈的反恐和谋求全球霸权的目的。中美两国非洲经贸新战略的差异性,从更深层面来看,是哲学理念或思想观念的差异性。中国非洲经贸新战略的思想基础是国际主义,它强调国家之间的互利合作和共同富裕。美国非洲经贸新战略的思想基础是实用主义,它强调利己主义和功利目的。由此,中国的非洲经贸新战略受到非洲国家和国际社会的普遍好评。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the economic and trade strategy between China and the United States towards Africa since 1995, which is an important part of their respective African strategies. During the Cold War, both China and the United States attached importance to Africa under the domination of ideology, and both developed economic ties with African countries in the form of economic aid. Since the end of the Cold War, especially since 1995, China and the United States have adjusted their economic and trade strategies in Africa at almost the same time. The common feature of the two countries' new African economic and trade strategy is that economic and trade cooperation replaces past economic aid. The implementation of the New African Economic and Trade Strategy between China and the United States has had a significant impact on the development of both countries and Africa. Trade with Africa and investment in Africa have brought huge economic benefits to China and the United States. This mainly manifests in the high profit return of commodity trade and the acquisition of natural resources in Africa. At the same time, African countries also benefit from this, mainly in absorbing foreign capital, developing natural resources, improving infrastructure and upgrading industrial structure. The new African economic and trade strategy of China and the United States has both similarities and differences in theory and practice, but it is more the latter. Both countries develop economic and trade strategies for Africa on the basis of national interests, and both value Africa's oil and other natural resources. However, China and African countries develop economic and trade cooperation, emphasize equality and mutual benefit, downplay ideology, and have the purpose of obtaining international support from African countries. However, the development of economic and trade cooperation between the United States and African countries is accompanied by harsh political and economic conditions, maintains ideology, and has a strong aim of anti-terrorism and global hegemony. The difference of the new economic and trade strategy between China and the United States in Africa is the difference of philosophy or ideology. The ideological foundation of China's new economic and trade strategy for Africa is internationalism, which emphasizes mutually beneficial cooperation and common prosperity among countries. Pragmatism is the ideological basis of America's new economic and trade strategy in Africa, which emphasizes egoism and utilitarian purpose. As a result, China's new African economic and trade strategy has been generally praised by African countries and the international community.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F752.7;F757.12;K153

【引证文献】