18世纪英国中产阶级科学话语的实现

发布时间：2018-06-08 21:29

本文选题：世纪 + 中产阶级　；参考：《历史教学(下半月刊)》2014年08期

【摘要】：18世纪,英国中产阶级在巨大经济变革发生时通过商业及相关活动获得了经济上的成功,并开始试图在社会各个领域发出自己的声音。对把握着文化领导权的上层贵族文化的学习仿效成为中产阶级水到渠成的选择。伴随着工业革命在英国各地兴起,中产阶级的科学事业蓬勃发展。科学作为一种文化产物,一方面承载了中产阶级的理想,成为社交活动最合适的话题,另一方面科普书籍、画作、科学仪器等相关商品大量进入消费市场,帮助富裕的中产阶级定位心理身份,也提高了自我地位。到18世纪末,科学已日渐成为一种被全社会认同的话语形式,内化为普通人的心理需求,在这个意义上中产阶级取得了文化上的胜利。
[Abstract]:In the 18th century, the British middle class achieved economic success through business and related activities when great economic changes took place, and began to try to make their voices heard in all spheres of society. Learning and emulating the upper aristocratic culture, which holds the cultural leadership, is a natural choice for the middle class. With the rise of the Industrial Revolution throughout Britain, the scientific cause of the middle class flourished. As a cultural product, science, on the one hand, carries the ideals of the middle class and becomes the most suitable topic for social activities. On the other hand, popular science books, paintings, scientific instruments and other related commodities have entered the consumer market in large quantities. Helping the wealthy middle class to position their psychological identity also improves their self-status. By the end of the 18th century, science had gradually become a discourse form recognized by the whole society and internalized into the psychological needs of ordinary people. In this sense, the middle class achieved a cultural victory.
【作者单位】：南京大学历史学系;
【分类号】：G325.61;K561

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