试论俄国民意党（1879-1884）

发布时间：2018-06-14 21:40

本文选题：民意党 + 民粹主义　；参考：《苏州科技学院》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：民意党是俄国革命民粹主义的一个重要组织。它的理论和实践活动在俄国革命运动历史上占有重要地位。本文试图以民意党的酝酿、发展、消亡为主要线索,论述从1879年至1884年民意党革命者与专制政权所做的斗争,研究探讨民意党产生的背景、民意党的建立,对民意党的社会经济思想、组织原则和结构、民意党的工人小组、军事组织对民意党进行全面分析。同时从俄国历史传统文化与外来文化冲击的角度,重点分析民意党恐怖主义产生的背景和渊源,重点分析民意党恐怖主义产生的背景和渊源,在对恐怖主义进行批判的同时,从俄国社会发展道路选择的角度出发,将民意党置于历史坐标轴中以恰当位置,对其进行辩证的评价,认为民意党在自己的思想活动中增添了新的内容:首先,提出了必须进行政治斗争,彻底抛弃了民粹派的无政府主义理论;其次,它的活动范围和组织完善程度,大大超过以前的民粹派;最后,认识到工人阶级同农民阶级相比,更具有革命性。但是,民意党作为一个知识分子群体,由于自身的无根性以及英雄史观的错误指导,使得他们得不到社会任何一个阶级的理解和支持,最终失败。他们对俄国社会发展道路的选择和尝试,有助于体察俄国革命传统的历史联系,深入理解俄罗斯文化传统。
[Abstract]:The popular Party is an important organization of Russian revolutionary populism. Its theoretical and practical activities played an important role in the history of the Russian revolutionary movement. This paper attempts to discuss the struggle between the revolutionaries of the public opinion party and the autocratic regime from 1879 to 1884, taking the brewing, development and extinction of the public opinion party as the main clue, and to study the background of the emergence of the public opinion party and the establishment of the public opinion party. A comprehensive analysis is made of the social and economic thoughts, organizational principles and structures of the public opinion party, the workers' group of the public opinion party and the military organization. At the same time, from the perspective of Russian historical traditional culture and the impact of foreign culture, the background and origin of public opinion party terrorism are emphatically analyzed. While criticizing terrorism, From the point of view of the choice of the way of Russian social development, this paper puts the public opinion party in the proper position in the historical coordinate axis, evaluates it dialectically, and thinks that the public opinion party has added new contents in its own ideological activities: first of all, He put forward the anarchist theory that must be waged political struggle and completely abandoned the populist faction; secondly, its scope of activities and degree of organizational perfection were much greater than those of the previous populist clique; finally, it was recognized that the working class was compared with the peasant class. More revolutionary. However, as an intellectual group, the public opinion party, because of its own rootlessness and the wrong guidance of the hero's view of history, made it impossible for them to get the understanding and support of any class in the society, and they failed in the end. Their choice and attempt on the development of Russian society are helpful to understand the historical connection of Russian revolutionary tradition and to understand Russian cultural tradition deeply.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K512.4

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