韩国风流思想的历史嬗变与价值研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 13:30

本文选题：风流 + 原型　；参考：《延边大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】： 风流思想是韩国固有的而且也是特有的民族信仰和民族文化,它源于上古,流传至今,拥有曲折发展、变化多端、不断丰富的历史。风流思想的原型植根于它的原始素材,而原始素材就是韩国上古时代的系列建国神话、各部落的祭礼风俗及巫教。系列建国神话与风流思想的原型有着很深的内在关系,神话的内在结构是风流思想原型的设计图,它为后者提供了本体论意义。祭礼风俗为风流思想原型提供了思想和行为的“原型”,即祭礼为风流思想原型提供了“相”。巫教中的巫俗,它本身是一种包括精神现象在内的综合实践活动,因而它为风流思想原型提供了生活样式,是风流思想原型的“用”。风流思想原型是巫教(包括神话和祭礼在内)基础上的“升华”,它为韩民族提供了理想信念和文化价值,从而使之成为千百年来激励韩民族创造自己文明的内在精神(文化价值精神)。风流思想原型的内在精神具体表现在：首先在人与自然关系上,强调人与自然的统一,认为二者的统一是人类的归宿,也是实现人的价值的最终标志。因而人与自然的统一是人生最高的境界,我们可以概括为“天人合一”；其次在人与人的关系上,强调人与人之间团结互爱,相互协作,弘扬“和合精神”。认为只有发挥集体的力量,才能最大限度地挖掘个人的潜能,才能充分地发挥个人自由创造的才能,从而形成既实现个人的价值又使人与人关系和谐的局面；再次提出了“弘益人间、在世理化”的历史使命。弘扬“和合精神”是为了创造美好的人间社会,只有创造和谐的社会秩序,提高人们的文化素质,才是理想的人间社会。最后,要加强个体的修身养性,克服世俗功利对个体自由创造本性的“异化”,通过审美体验净化心灵、陶冶情操,使自己身心真正融入大自然。对此,我们也概括为“性通光明”。风流思想原型是风流思想的核心内容,风流思想在随后的发展中尽管它的内容和形式不断变化发展,但是其原型没有变化,正因为如此,风流思想才能成为亘古不变的“内在精神”。从古朝鲜到三国时期,风流思想原型与儒、佛、道三教交汇,形成了“玄妙之道”——风流道。风流道不仅保持了风流思想原型,还扩充了其内涵,从而最终成为新罗的“国家理念”。在三国时期,真兴王为了振兴新罗,完成统一三国的伟业,开始实施花郎制度,花郎道由此而诞生。花郎道的创建意味着风流思想从观念形态进入实践领域,风流思想中的各种观念在实践中经受了检验,从而使风流思想的价值得以充分的彰显。因此,从风流道到花郎道,是风流思想迅猛发展并成熟的时期,也是整个风流思想发展史中最辉煌阶段。这个时期的风流思想有显著的特点：一是弘扬了源始风流精神(风流思想原型)；二是风流思想与实践相结合。弘扬源始风流精神,意味着发扬光大风流思想的原型。在风流思想原型的特点基础上,风流道融汇了儒、佛、道三教思想中的精髓,极大地丰富了风流精神的内涵。如果说风流思想原型的观念是素朴的,还尚未完全脱离原始痕迹的话,那么这一时期的发展则成为初具理论形态的观念;如果说风流思想原型观念是自发的、零散的话,那么这一时期就是对其观念的展开和整合,有了一套自己的世界观、人性观、人生观和价值观,而且初步形成了自己的观念体系和价值体系。风流思想通过这一阶段的发展,终于成为能支配新罗意识形态的国家理念,成为指导花郎道实践的行动指南。随着新罗完成三国统一大业,以佛教为代表的外来宗教思想开始全面占领韩国的意识形态,风流思想从“外化”、“显现”又重新缩回到“内在状态”中,一方面以暗流的形式在韩民族意识深层中继续流淌,继续发挥“内在精神”的“权能”,另一方面它以“嬗变”的形式继续深化、丰富它的思想。《天符经》、《三一神诰》和《参俭戒经》就是风流思想发展的后期阶段理论化的具体表现。风流思想之所以成为韩民族的“内在精神”(文化价值精神),说明它有独特的品质。这种独特品质表现在：1、丰富多彩的人性观。风流思想的最大魅力在于它对人性的立体理解。风流观中的人是感性与理性、道德与审美、理想与现实完美结合的人。风流思想的这种人性观是基于人的自然本性的准确把握,即人是自由自主的主体,人具有无限发展的可能。2、玄妙的内在调和机制。风流思想特有的内在调和机制使之在遇到外来思想观念时,并不是排斥、拒绝。相反,它积极吸纳,并且在保持自我底色的基础上不断充实自己。风流思想的这种内在调和机制,使之能够长期保持旺盛的生命力,成为长期支配韩民族魂魄的“内在精神”。3、形式变化的多样性。风流思想并不是只以信仰的形式传承的,它在一定条件下既可以转化为实践活动,又可以转化为理论形态。通过对风流思想历史发展的有限考察,使我们知道风流思想具有未来发展的无限之可能,其中也包括超越民族文化,升华为人类共同思想文化的未来可能性。因此,对风流思想的研究只能说还“在途中”。
[Abstract]:The thought of wind - flow is inherent in Korea and is also a unique national belief and national culture . It originated from the ancient times , and has a history of tortuous development , multi - end and rich history .

The prototype of Fengliu thought is rooted in its original material , and the original material is the ancient Chinese myth of ancient times , the rites and customs of each tribe and the witch .

The prototype of Fengliu thought is " sublimation " on the basis of witch ( including mythology and sacrifice ) , which provides the ideal faith and cultural value for Han nationality , thus making it an inner spiritual ( cultural value spirit ) which has inspired Han nationality to create their own civilization over the past thousand years .

The inner spirit of the prototype of Fengliu thought is : first , on the relationship between man and nature , the unity of man and nature is emphasized , and it is believed that the unification of the two is the final sign of human being , and the unity of man and nature is the highest level of life , and we can outline the unity of man and nature .
Secondly , in the relationship between man and man , it emphasizes the solidarity and mutual love between man and man , cooperate with each other , and carry forward the spirit of harmony .
In order to create a better world society , it is an ideal human society to create a harmonious social order , to improve people ' s cultural quality .

The prototype of wind - flow thought is the core content of the idea of air - flow . The idea of wind - flow has evolved in the following development , although its contents and forms have changed continuously , but its prototype has not changed . Because of this , the idea of wind - flow can be the eternal " inner spirit " .

From the ancient Korea to the Three Kingdoms period , the prototype of Fengliu thought and Confucianism , Buddhism , Taoism and Taoism converge to form a " mysterious passage " . The wind flow channel not only maintains the prototype of the thought of the wind flow , but also expands its connotation , thus finally becomes the " country idea " of the new Luo .
The second is the combination of the thought and practice of the wind - flow , which means the prototype of the idea of the thought of the wind - flow . On the basis of the characteristics of the prototype of the wind - flow thought , the concept of the thought of the wind - flow thought is simple and the original trace is enriched . If the prototype of the thought of the wind - flow is spontaneous and scattered , then the concept system and the value system have been formed .

With the completion of the Three Kingdoms , the foreign religious thoughts represented by Buddhism began to occupy the ideology of Korea in a comprehensive manner . The idea of " externalization " , " manifestation " and " inner state " continued to flow in the deep level of Han nationality consciousness . On the other hand , it continued to deepen and enrich its thought in the form of " evolution " .

The thought of Fengliu is based on human nature ' s natural nature , and it is not rejection or rejection . In contrast , the inner harmony mechanism of the thought of wind - flow is not only inherited in the form of belief , but it can be transformed into practice activity under certain conditions and can be transformed into theoretical form .

Through the limited investigation of the historical development of the ideology and history of the air flow , we know that the idea of the wind flow has the infinite possibility of the future development , which also includes the possibility of going beyond the national culture and sublimating to the future possibility of the common thought culture of mankind . Therefore , the research on the thought of the wind flow can only say " on the way " .
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K312

【引证文献】