约翰逊政府时期美国对多米尼加的政策

发布时间：2018-07-03 18:35

本文选题：美国 + 多米尼加　；参考：《东北师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 拉丁美洲历来被美国政府视为天然的势力范围,是不允许外来势力影响的“美国后院”。第二次世界大战结束后,社会主义国家苏联的崛起给美国造成了极大的冲击。当拉丁美洲国家古巴宣布成为社会主义国家后,在美国社会及决策阶层引起了巨大恐慌。避免在拉丁美洲出现“另一个共产主义政权”,已经成为约翰逊政府在拉美地区的首要目标。 1965年4月,当拉丁美洲小国多米尼加爆发起义时,约翰逊政府放弃了由肯尼迪政府传承下来的温和政策,转而采取了赤裸裸的干涉政策,提出了针对拉丁美洲的“约翰逊主义”,为美国军事干涉多米尼加提供了理论依据。此后,美国政府又推动美洲国家组织通过决议,派遣泛美维和部队到多米尼加,使军事干涉合法化。不仅如此,约翰逊政府还通过在多米尼加国内扶植的亲美政权来继续干涉多米尼加的国内事务。1966年6月1日,美国政府暗中支持巴拉格尔击败博什当选多米尼加总统。约翰逊政府随即改变政策,通过政治经济的援助手段改善了同多米尼加的关系,达到了继续操纵多米尼加内政外交的目的。本文通过探究和梳理美国新解密的外交文件及相关档案资料和网络资源,着重考察约翰逊政府对多米尼加政策的缘起、转变和发展的过程。笔者力图运用历史学、国际关系学等学科的相关知识,以国家利益原则为主要的理论依据,综合分析约翰逊政府对多米尼加政策的特点,揭示美国拉美政策的实质,以及这一政策对美国与拉丁美洲国家的关系产生的影响。
[Abstract]:Latin America has long been regarded as a natural sphere of influence by the United States government and a "backyard" that does not allow outside influence. After the end of World War II, the rise of the Soviet Union of socialist countries had a great impact on the United States. When the Latin American nation of Cuba declared itself a socialist country, there was a great deal of panic in American society and at the policy-making level. Avoiding "another communist regime" in Latin America has become the primary goal of the Johnson administration in Latin America. In April 1965, when the small Latin American nation of Dominica rebelled, The Johnson administration gave up the moderate policy inherited by Kennedy administration and adopted the naked intervention policy instead, and put forward the "Johnson-ism" for Latin America, which provided the theoretical basis for American military intervention in Dominica. Since then, the U.S. government has pushed for a resolution by the Organization of American States to send a Pan-American peacekeeping force to Dominica, legitimizing military intervention. Not only that, the Johnson administration has continued to interfere in the country's domestic affairs through a pro-American regime that has been nurtured in the country. On June 1, 1966, the United States government secretly supported Balaguer's victory over Bosh as president of the Dominican Republic. The Johnson administration then changed its policy and improved its relations with Dominica by means of political and economic aid to continue to manipulate the country's domestic and foreign affairs. By exploring and combing the newly declassified diplomatic documents and related archives and network resources of the United States, this paper focuses on the origin, transformation and development of Johnson's policy towards Dominica. The author tries to use the relevant knowledge of history, international relations and other disciplines, taking the principle of national interests as the main theoretical basis, comprehensively analyzes the characteristics of the Johnson administration's policy towards Dominica, and reveals the essence of the United States' Latin American policy. And the impact of this policy on relations between the United States and Latin American countries.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K712.54

【引证文献】