希腊化至罗马帝国时期的流散犹太会堂研究
发布时间：2018-08-19 13:06
【摘要】：流散犹太会堂是犹太人生活中的一个重要机构,并且这个机构也与犹太教的发展息息相关。希腊罗马时期流散犹太人的生活环境发生了巨大的变化,在耶路撒冷的第一、第二圣殿都被摧毁后,各个城市中的流散犹太会堂逐渐成为了当地犹太人进行集会的唯一场所。同时,随着会堂内部仪式的逐渐完善,其与犹太人的生活联系也日益紧密。对于流散犹太人来说,会堂起到的不仅仅是宗教上的作用,在政治、经济、社会、文化等方面也发挥着重大的功效。不仅如此,流散犹太会堂的分布也非常广泛,可以说只要有犹太人生活的地方,就会建有会堂,这也是他们在异教文化的冲突下得以保持自己一神教和独特文化的基础。正是由于流散犹太人生存环境的特殊性,使得这里的会堂肩负了更大的责任和义务。而流散犹太会堂也作为犹太人和当地统治者交流的一个媒介,完全成了当时的社区中心,并且为犹太人的生活隔离出了一个比较纯洁的“精神世界”。当然,会堂也不可避免的受到了希腊罗马文化的影响,从建筑风格来看,很多方面都有着鲜明的希腊罗马特色,但大多数时候这些特征都已经丧失了其原先的宗教意义,被吸收融合到了流散犹太会堂这个建筑之中。总之,会堂对犹太人和犹太教的作用不言而喻,它不仅参与到了流散犹太人生活的方方面面,甚至影响到了许多希腊罗马人。本文主要是对希腊化和罗马时期的流散犹太会堂进行综合性的论述,包括会堂的起源及其发展流变,以及在这个过程中与外族人的融合与冲突。
[Abstract]:The diaspora is an important part of Jewish life and is closely related to the development of Judaism. After the destruction of the first and second shrines in Jerusalem, the scattered synagogues in various cities gradually became the only place for local Jews to assemble. At the same time, with the gradual improvement of the inner ceremony of the synagogue, its relationship with the life of the Jews became more and more close. For displaced Jews, synagogues not only play a religious role, but also play an important role in politics, economy, society and culture. Moreover, the scattered synagogues are also very widely distributed, so long as there are places where Jews live, there will be synagogues, which is the basis for them to maintain their monotheistic and unique culture in the conflict of pagan culture. Because of the particularity of the living environment of the displaced Jews, the synagogue here shouldered more responsibilities and obligations. The scattered synagogue, as a medium of communication between Jews and local rulers, became the center of the community at that time, and separated the Jewish life from a relatively pure "spiritual world". Of course, synagogues are inevitably influenced by Greek and Roman culture. In terms of architectural style, there are many distinct Greek-Roman characteristics, but most of the time these characteristics have lost their original religious significance. Absorbed into the building of the scattered synagogue. In short, the synagogue's role in Jews and Judaism goes without saying that it not only involved in all aspects of Jewish life, but also affected many Greeks and Romans. This paper mainly discusses the synagogue in Hellenism and Roman period, including the origin and development of synagogue, and the fusion and conflict with foreign people in this process.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K12
本文编号：2191737
[Abstract]:The diaspora is an important part of Jewish life and is closely related to the development of Judaism. After the destruction of the first and second shrines in Jerusalem, the scattered synagogues in various cities gradually became the only place for local Jews to assemble. At the same time, with the gradual improvement of the inner ceremony of the synagogue, its relationship with the life of the Jews became more and more close. For displaced Jews, synagogues not only play a religious role, but also play an important role in politics, economy, society and culture. Moreover, the scattered synagogues are also very widely distributed, so long as there are places where Jews live, there will be synagogues, which is the basis for them to maintain their monotheistic and unique culture in the conflict of pagan culture. Because of the particularity of the living environment of the displaced Jews, the synagogue here shouldered more responsibilities and obligations. The scattered synagogue, as a medium of communication between Jews and local rulers, became the center of the community at that time, and separated the Jewish life from a relatively pure "spiritual world". Of course, synagogues are inevitably influenced by Greek and Roman culture. In terms of architectural style, there are many distinct Greek-Roman characteristics, but most of the time these characteristics have lost their original religious significance. Absorbed into the building of the scattered synagogue. In short, the synagogue's role in Jews and Judaism goes without saying that it not only involved in all aspects of Jewish life, but also affected many Greeks and Romans. This paper mainly discusses the synagogue in Hellenism and Roman period, including the origin and development of synagogue, and the fusion and conflict with foreign people in this process.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K12
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1 郭敏;希腊化至罗马帝国时期的流散犹太会堂研究[D];山西师范大学;2016年
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