公元前五世纪的古代希腊战俘问题初探
发布时间：2018-08-30 13:05
【摘要】：在古希腊小国寡民的城邦制度体系之下,人口是城邦得以存在的前提。在希腊城邦世界里,战争与战俘处置是关乎到所有城邦的重要事件之一,因而对于古希腊战俘的研究可以有助于从侧面对希腊城邦政治与战争关系进行更深入的认识。本文的选题侧重于公元前五世纪的希腊战俘,其原因则是一方面公元前五世纪是希腊社会发展的黄金时期,是希腊城邦制度的成熟期；另一方面在战争史上又发生了两次重大的战事,即希腊人与波斯人之间的希波战争,以及希腊人内部之间的伯罗奔尼撒战争。在城邦制度发展时期,发生了这两次重大的事件对于希腊政治也产生了深远影响,因而笔者在以此为背景分析探讨希腊战俘处置的问题。文章的写作首先通过古今战俘定义的不同,进而引出古希腊人自己对于战俘这一概念的界定。其次以公元前五世纪发生的希波战争、伯罗奔尼撒战争为背景,去分析研究战俘命运的多样性,不确定性,并举例加以说明其产生这种多样性的原因。得出的结论是：希腊战俘命运的多样性与希腊政治的现实需要紧密相联系,同时也受到古代既定的风俗习惯的影响；战俘命运的总体走向由公元前五世纪初期的较为宽恕转变到五世纪末期的残酷。最后对战俘命运变化与希腊政治、社会生活之间的互动关系加以阐述,以展现战俘处理问题对于希腊城邦发展的影响。
[Abstract]:Under the city-state system of the small country of ancient Greece, population is the precondition for the existence of the city-state. In the Greek city-state world, war and the disposal of prisoners of war are one of the most important events of all the city-states, so the study of ancient Greek prisoners of war can be helpful to further understand the relationship between politics and war of the Greek city-states. This thesis focuses on the Greek prisoners of war in the fifth century B.C., the reason is that the fifth century BC is the golden period of the development of Greek society, the maturity of the Greek city-state system; On the other hand, there were two major wars in the history of war, the Hippo War between the Greeks and the Persians, and the Peloponnesian War between the Greeks. In the period of the development of city-state system, the two major events had a profound influence on Greek politics, so the author analyzed and discussed the disposal of Greek prisoners of war against this background. Firstly, the author introduces the definition of prisoners of war by the different definitions of prisoners of war in ancient and modern times, and then leads to the definition of prisoners of war by the ancient Greeks themselves. Secondly, against the background of the Hebeau War and the Peloponnesian War in the fifth century BC, this paper analyzes the diversity and uncertainty of the fate of prisoners of war, and gives examples to illustrate the reasons for the diversity. The conclusions are as follows: the diversity of the fate of Greek prisoners of war is closely related to the actual needs of Greek politics and is also influenced by the established customs and habits of ancient times; The general trend of the fate of prisoners of war changed from the relatively forgiving in the early fifth century BC to the cruelty of the end of the fifth century. Finally, the interactive relationship between the fate of prisoners of war and the political and social life of Greece is expounded in order to show the influence of the handling of prisoners of war on the development of the Greek city-state.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K125
本文编号：2213160
[Abstract]:Under the city-state system of the small country of ancient Greece, population is the precondition for the existence of the city-state. In the Greek city-state world, war and the disposal of prisoners of war are one of the most important events of all the city-states, so the study of ancient Greek prisoners of war can be helpful to further understand the relationship between politics and war of the Greek city-states. This thesis focuses on the Greek prisoners of war in the fifth century B.C., the reason is that the fifth century BC is the golden period of the development of Greek society, the maturity of the Greek city-state system; On the other hand, there were two major wars in the history of war, the Hippo War between the Greeks and the Persians, and the Peloponnesian War between the Greeks. In the period of the development of city-state system, the two major events had a profound influence on Greek politics, so the author analyzed and discussed the disposal of Greek prisoners of war against this background. Firstly, the author introduces the definition of prisoners of war by the different definitions of prisoners of war in ancient and modern times, and then leads to the definition of prisoners of war by the ancient Greeks themselves. Secondly, against the background of the Hebeau War and the Peloponnesian War in the fifth century BC, this paper analyzes the diversity and uncertainty of the fate of prisoners of war, and gives examples to illustrate the reasons for the diversity. The conclusions are as follows: the diversity of the fate of Greek prisoners of war is closely related to the actual needs of Greek politics and is also influenced by the established customs and habits of ancient times; The general trend of the fate of prisoners of war changed from the relatively forgiving in the early fifth century BC to the cruelty of the end of the fifth century. Finally, the interactive relationship between the fate of prisoners of war and the political and social life of Greece is expounded in order to show the influence of the handling of prisoners of war on the development of the Greek city-state.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K125
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