古风时期伯罗奔尼撒半岛僭主政治研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 06:19

【摘要】：僭主政治,是古代希腊城邦内部个人采取暴力的手段,篡夺政权而建立专制独裁统治。古代希腊的许多城邦都经历了僭主政治,其中伯罗奔尼撒半岛僭主政治的特征最为鲜明。由于商品经济的发达、阶级矛盾、种族矛盾、军事变革等因素,该地区在希腊世界率先建立了僭主政治。当地最早建立僭主政治的城邦有阿尔哥斯、科林斯、西库昂、埃利斯等城邦,尤其以位于半岛东北部的前三个城邦的僭主制影响巨大。僭主执政期间往往采取鼓励工商业、发展航海业、吸收平民参军等措施,这些措施有利于下层民众的经济实力的提升和政治地位的提高.由于下层人民力量强化,加之自身的腐败,还有斯巴达迅猛发展,对外实行干预政策,打击僭主政治,这一地区的僭主政治又最先消亡。僭主政治对所在城邦产生了巨大影响,僭主统治时期各国经济繁荣、文化发达、国力迅速上升,特别下层民众力量上升,为此后希腊希腊政治的民主化奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Tyrant politics is the violent means of individual in ancient Greek city-states to usurp power and establish autocratic dictatorship. Many ancient Greek city-states experienced tyrant politics, of which the Peloponnesian Peninsula had the most distinctive features. Due to the developed commodity economy, class contradictions, ethnic contradictions, military reform and other factors, the region took the lead in the establishment of tyrant politics in the Greek world. The first city-states to establish tyrants were Algos, Collins, Sikuang, Ellis and so on, especially the first three city-states in the northeast of the peninsula. The tyrants often take measures to encourage industry and commerce, to develop navigation industry, to attract civilians to join the army and so on. These measures are conducive to the economic strength of the lower class and the improvement of their political status. Due to the strength of the lower class and the corruption of the lower class and the rapid development of Sparta, the foreign intervention policy was carried out to crack down on the tyrant politics, and the tyrant politics in this area died out first. The tyrant politics had a great influence on the city-state. During the period of tyrant rule, the economic prosperity, the developed culture, the rapid rise of national strength and the rise of the power of the lower class laid the foundation for the democratization of Greek politics.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K125

【共引文献】