11～18世纪英国埃克塞特贸易的兴衰
发布时间：2018-09-08 17:50
【摘要】：英国作为世界历史上一个比较典型的国家,其历史为不少历史学家所关注。而作为英国西南部第一大城市的埃克塞特,其经济发展轨迹也呈现出特殊的一面。本文旨在考查11-18世纪埃克塞特城市经济发展的大体脉络,揭示出一个在中世纪至近代早期经济贸易极其活跃的城市是如何从起步阶段,发展繁荣到相对衰落又起伏发展的变化历程,以及这种变化的原因。此外,通过对英国西南部埃克塞特城市经济贸易的研究,使得我们可以从一个港口的视角来窥探出贸易对于历史发展的重要作用,这有助于我们透视英国经济发展全局。 全文共分为三个部分： 第一章论述埃克塞特早期的历史及诺曼征服后埃克塞特经济的初步发展。这时期埃克塞特经济的发展主要在于它是英国西南部的第一大城市,并且自罗马不列颠时期就已经作为西南部的政治中心和经济中心而存在,诺曼征服后的埃克塞特又成为为西南部的宗教中心,这些有利因素都使得埃克塞特的经济有了初步的发展。 第二章主要考察14、15世纪埃克塞特的地方市场和地区贸易。14、15世纪埃克塞特的市场和集市贸易繁荣,使得此时期的埃克塞特成为西南部地区最大的商品贸易交流中心。商品货物的再出口促使埃克塞特与德文郡其他地区进行了广泛的经贸往来。由于埃克塞特处于英国西南部重要的羊毛产区,因此14、15世纪羊毛和呢绒成为埃克塞特最主要的出口商品。 第三章主要论述16至18世纪埃克塞特贸易的兴衰。16世纪埃克塞特已经完成了从羊毛出口向呢绒出口的过渡,17世纪埃克塞特拥有了西南地区哗叽呢生产特有的工业组织,因此,16、17世纪埃克塞特的呢绒贸易达到鼎盛。18世纪,由于战争的影响,埃克塞特的呢绒出口量出现大幅度的减少,但是由呢绒贸易所带来的其他贸易使得埃克塞特的经济起伏发展。
[Abstract]:As a typical country in the history of the world, Britain has been concerned by many historians. As the largest city in southwestern England, Exeter's economic development path also presents a special side. The purpose of this paper is to examine the general context of the economic development of Exeter in the 11-18 century, and to reveal how a city with extremely active economic and trade activities from the Middle Ages to the early modern times began from its infancy. Development prosperity to relative decline and ups and downs of the course of development, and the reasons for this change. In addition, through the study of the economic trade in the city of Exeter in southwestern England, we can explore the important role of trade in the historical development from the perspective of a port, which helps us to perspective the overall situation of the economic development of Britain. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first chapter discusses the early history of Exeter and the initial development of Exeter's economy after Norman Conquest. The economic development of Exeter during this period was mainly because it was the largest city in southwestern England and had existed as the political and economic center of the southwest since the Roman British period. After the Norman conquest, Exeter became a religious center in the southwest. These favorable factors made the economy of Exeter develop preliminarily. The second chapter mainly examines the local markets and regional trade of Exeter in the 1400s and the prosperity of the markets and bazaars in the 15th century, which makes Exeter become the largest commodity trade exchange center in the southwest of China. The re-export of goods prompted Exeter to engage in extensive trade with the rest of Devon. Because Exeter is an important woolen region in southwestern England, wool and woolen wool became the main export commodities in 1415 th century. Chapter three mainly discusses the rise and fall of Exeter's trade from the 16th to the 18th century. In the 16th century, Exeter completed the transition from wool export to woolen wool export. In the 17th century, Exeter owned the industrial organization unique to the production of Serge in the southwest. As a result, Exeter's woolen trade reached its peak in the 1600s and reached its peak in the 17th century. As a result of the war, Exeter's woolen exports declined significantly. But other trade brought about by the woolen trade led to the ups and downs of Exeter's economy.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F749;K561
本文编号：2231248
[Abstract]:As a typical country in the history of the world, Britain has been concerned by many historians. As the largest city in southwestern England, Exeter's economic development path also presents a special side. The purpose of this paper is to examine the general context of the economic development of Exeter in the 11-18 century, and to reveal how a city with extremely active economic and trade activities from the Middle Ages to the early modern times began from its infancy. Development prosperity to relative decline and ups and downs of the course of development, and the reasons for this change. In addition, through the study of the economic trade in the city of Exeter in southwestern England, we can explore the important role of trade in the historical development from the perspective of a port, which helps us to perspective the overall situation of the economic development of Britain. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first chapter discusses the early history of Exeter and the initial development of Exeter's economy after Norman Conquest. The economic development of Exeter during this period was mainly because it was the largest city in southwestern England and had existed as the political and economic center of the southwest since the Roman British period. After the Norman conquest, Exeter became a religious center in the southwest. These favorable factors made the economy of Exeter develop preliminarily. The second chapter mainly examines the local markets and regional trade of Exeter in the 1400s and the prosperity of the markets and bazaars in the 15th century, which makes Exeter become the largest commodity trade exchange center in the southwest of China. The re-export of goods prompted Exeter to engage in extensive trade with the rest of Devon. Because Exeter is an important woolen region in southwestern England, wool and woolen wool became the main export commodities in 1415 th century. Chapter three mainly discusses the rise and fall of Exeter's trade from the 16th to the 18th century. In the 16th century, Exeter completed the transition from wool export to woolen wool export. In the 17th century, Exeter owned the industrial organization unique to the production of Serge in the southwest. As a result, Exeter's woolen trade reached its peak in the 1600s and reached its peak in the 17th century. As a result of the war, Exeter's woolen exports declined significantly. But other trade brought about by the woolen trade led to the ups and downs of Exeter's economy.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F749;K561
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