重源入宋与日本中世的“劝进”活动
发布时间：2018-09-17 15:37
【摘要】：自9世纪遣唐使被废止后,日本在与外界的文化交流方面陷入了.低谷,中日两国官方的文化、经济交流活动也几乎停止,但这并没有阻止日本僧人远渡重洋到中国巡礼求法的热情。随着武士掌权,日本朝廷开始重视对外贸易,中日民间的往来逐渐繁盛起来。日本僧人利用这样的有利条件,搭乘宋商的贸易船进入中国。这一时期踏上中国土地的日本僧人在中日文化交流史上被称作“入宋僧”,增进了中日文化交流。 十一世纪末的日本中世初期,由于律令制度瓦解,一直由国家提供保护的寺院逐渐陷入困境,难以维持,再加上战火波及,寺院破坏严重。为了使寺院恢复正常,出现了致力于募集财物进行寺院堂塔的营造及修复的“劝进”活动,十二世纪末,“劝进”活动进入全盛时期。重建东大寺工程作为日本历史上意义最重大的一次“劝进”活动,对当时佛教寺院及后世都产生了深远影响。其中,入宋僧重源由于其入宋经历、对宋文化的推崇及身边宋人工匠的存在,为这次“劝进”活动的成功做出了巨大贡献。 本文拟通过搜集、查阅、分析大量中日文献资料,对中国学者极少论及的重源入宋以及他对日本中世“劝进”的影响问题进行初步探讨,主要从重源入宋、重建东大寺的“劝进”活动和重源前后“劝进”活动比较三个方面进行分析,尤其侧重于重源在宋期间的所见所闻所学对他后期“劝进”活动的影响,也可以说是宋文化对日本中世“劝进”活动的影响。通过本文的粗浅分析,力图重新认识重源入宋的重要性,对日本中世“劝进”发展状况进行研究,探明日本佛教在世俗化过程中受中国佛教的影响,有助于我们了解中日文化交流史的全貌。
[Abstract]:Japan has been caught in cultural exchanges with the outside world since the abolition of the Tang emissary in the 9 th century. Official cultural and economic exchanges between the two countries have almost stopped, but this has not stopped Japanese monks from travelling across the ocean to China to seek law. With the samurai in power, the Japanese court began to attach importance to foreign trade, and the exchanges between China and Japan gradually flourished. The Japanese monks took advantage of such advantages and entered China aboard the trade ships of Song merchants. Japanese monks who set foot on Chinese land during this period were called "Song monks" in the history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange, which promoted the cultural exchange between China and Japan. At the end of the eleventh century, the monasteries, which had been protected by the state, fell into difficulties because of the collapse of the legal system in the early Middle World of Japan, and the monasteries were destroyed seriously by the war. In order to restore the normal of the temple, there appeared the activity of persuasion to collect property to build and repair the temple tower. At the end of the twelfth century, the activity of persuasion entered into its heyday. As one of the most important activities in the history of Japan, the reconstruction of Dongdai Temple had a profound influence on Buddhist monasteries and later generations. Among them, due to his experience in Song Dynasty, the worship of Song culture and the existence of artisans around him, the Song monk made a great contribution to the success of this activity. Through collecting, consulting and analyzing a large number of Chinese and Japanese literature, this paper makes a preliminary discussion on the reintroduction of Chinese scholars into the Song Dynasty and his influence on the Japanese "exhortation" of the Middle Age, mainly from the source of the rebirth to the Song Dynasty. The reconstruction of Dongda Temple's "exhortation" activity and the "exhortation" activity before and after the reconstruction of Dongda Temple were analyzed in three aspects, especially focusing on the influence of what Zhongyuan had learned during the Song Dynasty on the "exhortation" activities in his later period. It can also be said that the influence of Song culture on the Japanese Middle World's "exhortation" activities. Through the brief analysis of this paper, the author tries to re-understand the importance of reintroduction into the Song Dynasty, and to study the development of Japanese Buddhism in the middle age of Japan, and to find out that Japanese Buddhism is influenced by Chinese Buddhism in the process of secularization. It helps us to understand the whole history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K313
本文编号：2246365
[Abstract]:Japan has been caught in cultural exchanges with the outside world since the abolition of the Tang emissary in the 9 th century. Official cultural and economic exchanges between the two countries have almost stopped, but this has not stopped Japanese monks from travelling across the ocean to China to seek law. With the samurai in power, the Japanese court began to attach importance to foreign trade, and the exchanges between China and Japan gradually flourished. The Japanese monks took advantage of such advantages and entered China aboard the trade ships of Song merchants. Japanese monks who set foot on Chinese land during this period were called "Song monks" in the history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange, which promoted the cultural exchange between China and Japan. At the end of the eleventh century, the monasteries, which had been protected by the state, fell into difficulties because of the collapse of the legal system in the early Middle World of Japan, and the monasteries were destroyed seriously by the war. In order to restore the normal of the temple, there appeared the activity of persuasion to collect property to build and repair the temple tower. At the end of the twelfth century, the activity of persuasion entered into its heyday. As one of the most important activities in the history of Japan, the reconstruction of Dongdai Temple had a profound influence on Buddhist monasteries and later generations. Among them, due to his experience in Song Dynasty, the worship of Song culture and the existence of artisans around him, the Song monk made a great contribution to the success of this activity. Through collecting, consulting and analyzing a large number of Chinese and Japanese literature, this paper makes a preliminary discussion on the reintroduction of Chinese scholars into the Song Dynasty and his influence on the Japanese "exhortation" of the Middle Age, mainly from the source of the rebirth to the Song Dynasty. The reconstruction of Dongda Temple's "exhortation" activity and the "exhortation" activity before and after the reconstruction of Dongda Temple were analyzed in three aspects, especially focusing on the influence of what Zhongyuan had learned during the Song Dynasty on the "exhortation" activities in his later period. It can also be said that the influence of Song culture on the Japanese Middle World's "exhortation" activities. Through the brief analysis of this paper, the author tries to re-understand the importance of reintroduction into the Song Dynasty, and to study the development of Japanese Buddhism in the middle age of Japan, and to find out that Japanese Buddhism is influenced by Chinese Buddhism in the process of secularization. It helps us to understand the whole history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K313
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