从千利休看安土桃山时期的茶道文化

发布时间：2018-10-14 10:15

【摘要】：安土桃山时期不仅是日本历史上一个重要的转折过渡时期,而且又是日本茶道史上最繁盛的一个时期,日本茶道便是在这一时期得以定型的。茶道是日本传统文化的奇葩,茶道在日本发展历史是逐渐由中国化转变为日本本土化。安土桃山时期便是这个的转折期,而千利休便是在这个转折期、这个伟大转折的最后完成者。所以文章便以千利休这个安土桃山时期集武士、茶人为一体的典型茶道文化代表来研究分析整个时期的茶道文化。千利休在村田珠光、武野绍鸥等人的基础上从消除茶道中的娱乐成分,使茶道变成一项纯粹的艺术活动；还原茶道到淡泊寻常的面目上,使茶道上升为一项综合的生活文化艺术；改变人们“唐物唯美”的固有观念,大力提倡和物审美价值,确立和物在茶道中的正统地位等三个方面改革和完善草庵“佗”茶。此外,千利休丰富和发展了茶道理念：使茶道美的原点—“佗”更具活力和创造力；并提出了“和、敬、清、寂”四谛理念。正是这一系列的茶道理念使得千利休发现和创造的茶道之美得以实现和延伸。此外,千利休凭借自己在茶道和政治方面的影响使草庵“佗”茶在与丰臣秀吉等提倡的“黄金茶”的对比、传播中成为这一时期文化的主流,并用自己的生命和鲜血捍卫了自己的茶道理念,从而使得草庵“佗”茶艺术超越时代而成为不朽。文章通过研究安土桃山时期茶道文化的典型人物—千利休及其茶道进而来研究整个时期的茶道文化,得出了安土桃山时期茶道文化在定型期下具有附属性、依从性,民族化、本土化,普及化、大众化以及多样性、包容性等的特点。此外,还研究分析出安土桃山时期茶道文化对日本以后茶道文化本身发展、日本饮食以及建筑和礼仪等方面深远、重要的影响,从而为我们全面了解日本传统文化提供一个视角。
[Abstract]:The Antu Taoshan period is not only an important transitional period in the history of Japan, but also the most prosperous period in the history of Japanese tea ceremony, in which the Japanese tea ceremony was finalized. Tea ceremony is a rare flower of Japanese traditional culture, and the history of tea ceremony in Japan has gradually changed from Chinese culture to Japanese localization. The Antu Taoshan period was the turning point, and Qianlixiu was the final finalist of this great turning point. Therefore, this article takes Qianlixiu, a typical representative of tea ceremony culture in the Antu Taoshan period, to study and analyze the tea ceremony culture of the whole period. Qianlixiu on the basis of Zhuguang Murata, Wuye Shao Gull, etc., from eliminating the entertainment elements in the tea ceremony, making the tea ceremony a purely artistic activity; and restoring the tea ceremony to its ordinary features. To make the tea ceremony become a comprehensive life culture and art, to change people's inherent idea of "Tang thing aesthetic", to advocate the aesthetic value of things and to establish and perfect the "Tuo" tea in three aspects: the orthodox position and the orthodox position of things in the tea ceremony. In addition, Qianlixiu enriches and develops the concept of tea ceremony: to make the origin of the beauty of tea ceremony "Tuo" more dynamic and creative, and put forward "harmony, respect, Qing, silence" four concepts. It is this series of tea ceremony concept that makes the beauty of tea ceremony realized and extended. In addition, by virtue of his influence in tea ceremony and politics, Qianlixiu made Tuo tea become the mainstream of culture in this period by comparing it with the "golden tea" advocated by Fengshenxiuji and so on. And with his own life and blood to defend their own tea concept, so that the "Tuo" tea art transcend the times and become immortal. By studying the typical character of tea ceremony culture in Antu and Taoshan period-Qianlixiu and its tea ceremony, the article studies the tea ceremony culture of the whole period, and draws the conclusion that the tea ceremony culture of Antu Taoshan period has the attribute of appendage, compliance and nationalization under the fixed period. Localization, popularization, popularization and diversity, inclusiveness, etc. In addition, it is also studied and analyzed that the tea ceremony culture during the Antu Taoshan period had a profound and important impact on the development of the tea ceremony culture itself after Japan, the Japanese diet, architecture and etiquette, and so on. In order to provide us with a comprehensive understanding of the traditional Japanese culture to provide a perspective.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K313;F331.3

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