甲午战前明治政府的军费开支

发布时间：2018-11-11 14:58

【摘要】： 从明治政府建立到甲午中日战争爆发的二十余年,是日本军国主义的形成时期。在此期间,日本军国主义政治、经济、军事、思想体系逐步建立、完备。其中军事体系的确立是其重要内容,而国家的经济实力和政府的财政资金是军事发展的根本条件。从这个意义上讲,对日本军事的研究不仅局限于军事技术、制度、思想教育、兵器沿革等传统方面,军事财政即军费开支情况也是一个很好的切入点,而且是绝对重要的方面。军费开支的变化,以及围绕军费问题而产生的各种政治、社会矛盾,不仅可以勾勒出日本常备国防力量的发展脉络,更重要的是,军费开支作为军事发展的重要内容,与日本军国主义形成密切相关。本研究以历史唯物主义为理论基础,借助计量史学的相关研究方法。以军费为切入点,通过对军费内容、开支状况及特点、财源以及相关政治、经济因素的分析,论述围绕军费开支问题产生的矛盾及矛盾的解决,试图说明日本军国主义的形成过程,进而反映出其后日本迷信武力、走上军国主义侵略道路的必然趋势。在研究方式上,本文并不是孤立地探讨军费问题,而是将军费开支、军事发展及其政治目的有机地联系起来综合考虑,重点在于反映日本军国主义实质及其形成过程。日本军国主义的形成是一个历史过程,历史的发展总是前期早已出现征兆,管中窥豹,可见一斑,本文对日本军费的研究只是窥视这一征兆的小孔。
[Abstract]:More than 20 years from the establishment of Meiji government to the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, it was a period of formation of Japanese militarism. During this period, the Japanese militaristic politics, economy, military, ideological system gradually established, complete. The establishment of military system is its important content, and the national economic strength and the government's financial funds are the basic conditions of military development. In this sense, the study of Japan's military is not only limited to the traditional aspects of military technology, system, ideological education, weapons evolution, and so on. Military finance, that is, military expenditure, is also a very good entry point, and it is an absolutely important aspect. The changes in military expenditures, as well as the various political and social contradictions surrounding military expenditures, can not only outline the development context of Japan's national defense forces, but also, more importantly, military expenditure as an important part of military development. Closely related to the formation of Japanese militarism. This study is based on historical materialism, with the help of econometric historiography. Taking military expenditure as a starting point, through the analysis of military expenditure content, expenditure status and characteristics, financial resources and related political and economic factors, this paper discusses the contradictions and the solutions to the problems surrounding military expenditure. This paper tries to explain the forming process of Japanese militarism, and then reflects the inevitable trend of Japan's superstition of force and its taking the road of militaristic aggression. In terms of research methods, this paper does not discuss military expenditure in isolation, but organically considers military expenditure, military development and its political objectives, with emphasis on reflecting the essence and formation process of Japanese militarism. The formation of Japanese militarism is a historical process, the development of history is always early signs, can be seen, the study of Japanese military spending is only a small hole to peep at this sign.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K313.41

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