雅典大瘟疫与古典时期的阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜研究
发布时间：2018-11-14 08:45
【摘要】：阿斯克勒庇俄斯是盛行于古代希腊罗马的医神。古典时期,阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的发展达到高潮。公元前430年,伯罗奔尼撒战争正酣,雅典突发大规模瘟疫,损失惨重。在大瘟疫的影响下,阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜于公元前420/19年从埃皮达鲁斯传入雅典,之后它迅速覆盖了泛希腊世界,阿斯克勒庇俄斯也成为希腊盛行的医神。本文主要包括引言、正文、结论及附录。正文将分为三个部分论述阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的概况并在雅典大瘟疫的背景下,对这一崇拜传入雅典的过程及原因进行探究。第一部分介绍阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的神话源起。荷马时代就出现了对阿斯克勒庇俄斯的记述,当时他的定位仅是一名凡人军医。人们对他的医术赞不绝口,到了古风时期,阿斯克勒庇俄斯被神化了,成为一名具有治愈功能的医神,在此期间创作的神话传说丰满了他的形象。第二部分介绍阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜的仪式,以净化仪式为中心。在古希腊,阿斯克勒庇俄斯治愈着来自四面八方的各个阶层的希腊人,他的神庙承担着医院的职能。阿斯克勒庇俄斯通过向患病的个人及失衡的城邦施展净化仪式,达到了疗救病患、清除污秽、化解危机、重塑和谐秩序的目的。第三部分介绍阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜传入雅典的过程及原因。这次传入是雅典人面对伯罗奔尼撒战争中的大瘟疫作出的积极应对,另外这不仅是一次宗教传播活动,更是一次外交活动,阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜作为纽带维系着雅典与埃皮达鲁斯的城邦关系。阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜体现了古代希腊人对健康长寿、和谐安宁的向往,探究这一宗教现象,有助于我们了解希腊人的净化观念及医学发展状况。同时,分析阿斯克勒庇俄斯崇拜传入雅典的原因也是一次以宗教为切入点,结合时势政治,解释历史事件的尝试。
[Abstract]:Asclepios was the god of medicine prevailing in ancient Greece and Rome. During the classical period, the development of Asclepios worship reached its climax. In 430 BC, the Peloponnesian war was raging, and a massive plague broke out in Athens. Under the influence of the plague, Asclepios worshiped Athens from Epidalus in 420 / 19 BC, and it quickly covered the pan-Greek world, and Asclepios became the prevailing medical god in Greece. This article mainly includes the introduction, the text, the conclusion and the appendix. The text will be divided into three parts to discuss the general situation of Asclepios worship, and under the background of the Athens plague, to explore the process and reasons of the introduction of this worship to Athens. The first part introduces the origin of the mythology worshipped by Asclepios. An account of Asclepios appeared in Homer's time, when he was only a mortal military doctor. In ancient times, Asclepios was deified and became a healing medical god, and the mythology and legends created during this period were full of his image. The second part introduces the worship ceremony of Asclepios, centered on purification ceremony. In ancient Greece, Asclepios healed Greeks from all walks of life and his temple served as a hospital. Asclepios has achieved the purpose of healing the sick, removing filth, defusing crisis and restoring harmonious order by performing purification ceremony to the sick individual and the unbalanced city-state. The third part introduces the process and reason of Asclepios'worship into Athens. The introduction was a positive response by the Athenians to the Great Plague in the Peloponnesian War. In addition, it was not only a religious dissemination, but also a diplomatic activity. The worship of Asclepios serves as a bond between Athens and Epidalus. The worship of Asclepios embodies the ancient Greeks' yearning for health, longevity, harmony and tranquillity. To explore this religious phenomenon is helpful for us to understand the Greek concept of purification and the development of medicine. At the same time, analyzing the reason why Asclepios' worship was introduced to Athens was an attempt to explain historical events by taking religion as a starting point and combining current politics.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K125
本文编号：2330694
[Abstract]:Asclepios was the god of medicine prevailing in ancient Greece and Rome. During the classical period, the development of Asclepios worship reached its climax. In 430 BC, the Peloponnesian war was raging, and a massive plague broke out in Athens. Under the influence of the plague, Asclepios worshiped Athens from Epidalus in 420 / 19 BC, and it quickly covered the pan-Greek world, and Asclepios became the prevailing medical god in Greece. This article mainly includes the introduction, the text, the conclusion and the appendix. The text will be divided into three parts to discuss the general situation of Asclepios worship, and under the background of the Athens plague, to explore the process and reasons of the introduction of this worship to Athens. The first part introduces the origin of the mythology worshipped by Asclepios. An account of Asclepios appeared in Homer's time, when he was only a mortal military doctor. In ancient times, Asclepios was deified and became a healing medical god, and the mythology and legends created during this period were full of his image. The second part introduces the worship ceremony of Asclepios, centered on purification ceremony. In ancient Greece, Asclepios healed Greeks from all walks of life and his temple served as a hospital. Asclepios has achieved the purpose of healing the sick, removing filth, defusing crisis and restoring harmonious order by performing purification ceremony to the sick individual and the unbalanced city-state. The third part introduces the process and reason of Asclepios'worship into Athens. The introduction was a positive response by the Athenians to the Great Plague in the Peloponnesian War. In addition, it was not only a religious dissemination, but also a diplomatic activity. The worship of Asclepios serves as a bond between Athens and Epidalus. The worship of Asclepios embodies the ancient Greeks' yearning for health, longevity, harmony and tranquillity. To explore this religious phenomenon is helpful for us to understand the Greek concept of purification and the development of medicine. At the same time, analyzing the reason why Asclepios' worship was introduced to Athens was an attempt to explain historical events by taking religion as a starting point and combining current politics.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K125
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