1988年洛克比空难事件及美国的对策
发布时间：2018-12-18 19:02
【摘要】： 1988年洛克比空难发生后一直是国际关注的焦点,其原因有两点:其一是牵扯的国家众多,为了侦破此案,美英两国联合国际刑警组织在瑞典、芬兰还有马耳他等国搜集证据查找线索,这在国际关系中是比较少见的。其二是诉讼时间漫长,从1991年美英两国认定是利比亚所为开始到2003年洛克比案件正式结束,中间长达12年的法律诉讼,这在国际案例中也是不常见的。 本文从洛克比空难的背景、事情调查的经过和官司的最终解决三个方面进行论述。第一部分主要着重分析了美国政府与卡扎菲政权的关系:利比亚王权统治时期双方互有所求,利比亚主要依赖美国的军事保护和先进的石油加工技术。美国主要是利用利比亚独特的军事战略位置和丰富的石油资源与苏联进行争霸。为了争取美国的支持,利比亚王国政府将大量民族权益出卖给美国公司,再加之政府管理不善导致贪污盛行,广大人民十分不满卡扎菲就是利用人民的这种情绪发动军事政变,推翻了利比亚王国政府。随后卡扎菲高举阿拉伯民族主义的旗帜,清除了美国在利比亚的经济政治势力,美利关系随之恶化这为洛克比空难的发生打下伏笔。 第二部分主要是美英两国对事件的调查,其中详细叙述了对整个事故调查的经过.调查的线索先是在苏格兰的案发现场通过对飞机残骸和旅客遗物的检验,确认是高性能炸弹爆炸引起的飞机失事。在调查的过程中线索也延伸到了海外,先后有十多个国家与此案有关。美英调查人员克服重重困难最终认定是利比亚情报人员所为。 文章最后是洛克比案件的终结,由于在确认事故责任之初的时候,美国就和卡扎菲政权存在着严重的分歧,其焦点是围绕对犯罪嫌疑人的跨国引渡。美国坚持在苏格兰或美国进行审判,利比亚以本国法律不引渡本国公民到外国审判为由拒绝了美英的要求,美英便利用安理会对利比亚进行制裁。双方的法律诉讼长达十多年之久,直到2003年双方都做出让步的情况下洛克比事件才就此告以段落。
[Abstract]:Since the Lockerbie air crash in 1988, it has been the focus of international attention for two reasons: first, there are many countries involved. In order to solve the case, the United States and the United Kingdom International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) in Sweden. Finland, Malta and other countries collect evidence to find clues, which is relatively rare in international relations. The second is the long time of litigation, from the beginning of the United States and Britain to Libya in 1991 to the official end of the Lockerbie case in 2003, 12 years of legal proceedings, which is not common in international cases. This paper discusses the background of Lockerbie's air crash, the course of investigation and the final settlement of the lawsuit. The first part mainly analyzes the relationship between the United States government and Gaddafi's regime: Libya and Libya, Wang Quan rule, both sides have mutual needs, Libya mainly depends on the military protection of the United States and advanced oil processing technology. The United States mainly used Libya's unique military strategic position and abundant oil resources to compete for hegemony with the Soviet Union. In order to win the support of the United States, the Government of the Kingdom of Libya sold a large number of national rights and interests to American companies. In addition, the mismanagement of the government led to widespread corruption. The broad masses of the people were very dissatisfied that Gaddafi was using this sentiment of the people to launch a military coup. Overthrew the Libyan government. The subsequent deterioration of relations between the United States and Libya after Gaddafi held high the banner of Arab nationalism and removed American economic and political power in Libya set the stage for the Lockerbie air crash. The second part is mainly about the investigation of the incident between the United States and the United Kingdom, in which the whole accident investigation is described in detail. The lead of the investigation was to examine the wreckage of the plane and the remains of the passengers at the scene of the attack in Scotland, confirming that it was a plane crash caused by the explosion of a high-performance bomb. In the course of the investigation also extended to overseas, more than a dozen countries have been linked to the case. Us and British investigators overcome difficulties and ultimately determined that Libyan intelligence had done it. Finally, the end of the Lockerbie case, because at the beginning of the confirmation of responsibility for the accident, the United States and Gaddafi regime have serious differences, its focus is on the transnational extradition of suspects. The United States has insisted on trials in Scotland or the United States, and Libya has used the Security Council to impose sanctions on Libya after Libya refused to request the United States and Britain to try its citizens abroad on the grounds that it did not extradite its citizens. The two sides filed more than a decade of legal proceedings until 2003, when both sides made concessions before the Lockerbie incident was brought to an end.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K153
本文编号：2386351
[Abstract]:Since the Lockerbie air crash in 1988, it has been the focus of international attention for two reasons: first, there are many countries involved. In order to solve the case, the United States and the United Kingdom International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) in Sweden. Finland, Malta and other countries collect evidence to find clues, which is relatively rare in international relations. The second is the long time of litigation, from the beginning of the United States and Britain to Libya in 1991 to the official end of the Lockerbie case in 2003, 12 years of legal proceedings, which is not common in international cases. This paper discusses the background of Lockerbie's air crash, the course of investigation and the final settlement of the lawsuit. The first part mainly analyzes the relationship between the United States government and Gaddafi's regime: Libya and Libya, Wang Quan rule, both sides have mutual needs, Libya mainly depends on the military protection of the United States and advanced oil processing technology. The United States mainly used Libya's unique military strategic position and abundant oil resources to compete for hegemony with the Soviet Union. In order to win the support of the United States, the Government of the Kingdom of Libya sold a large number of national rights and interests to American companies. In addition, the mismanagement of the government led to widespread corruption. The broad masses of the people were very dissatisfied that Gaddafi was using this sentiment of the people to launch a military coup. Overthrew the Libyan government. The subsequent deterioration of relations between the United States and Libya after Gaddafi held high the banner of Arab nationalism and removed American economic and political power in Libya set the stage for the Lockerbie air crash. The second part is mainly about the investigation of the incident between the United States and the United Kingdom, in which the whole accident investigation is described in detail. The lead of the investigation was to examine the wreckage of the plane and the remains of the passengers at the scene of the attack in Scotland, confirming that it was a plane crash caused by the explosion of a high-performance bomb. In the course of the investigation also extended to overseas, more than a dozen countries have been linked to the case. Us and British investigators overcome difficulties and ultimately determined that Libyan intelligence had done it. Finally, the end of the Lockerbie case, because at the beginning of the confirmation of responsibility for the accident, the United States and Gaddafi regime have serious differences, its focus is on the transnational extradition of suspects. The United States has insisted on trials in Scotland or the United States, and Libya has used the Security Council to impose sanctions on Libya after Libya refused to request the United States and Britain to try its citizens abroad on the grounds that it did not extradite its citizens. The two sides filed more than a decade of legal proceedings until 2003, when both sides made concessions before the Lockerbie incident was brought to an end.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K153
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 何玲;审判公开的公共秩序例外[D];西南政法大学;2012年
，本文编号：2386351
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