冷战时期中美巴关系初探（1947-1971）

发布时间：2018-12-27 16:54

【摘要】：二战之后,印度和巴基斯坦相继独立。印巴之间的对立构成了南亚国际关系的基本面,使得南亚国际局势进入了新的历史时期。面对印强巴弱的现实,弱小的巴基斯坦迫切需要借助外部大国力量的援手,以抵消印巴双方力量不均衡而对自身安全和利益的威胁。在当时美苏冷战的国际背景下,中美苏三大国立足于各自的战略利益,先后介入南亚争端,从而使南亚被纳入到全球冷战的轨道之中。印巴两国基于各自不同的安全和利益诉求,与大国之间产生了复杂多变的利益纠葛。中美巴友好关系就是在美苏冷战的国际局势与南亚区域矛盾的发展相互影响、相互作用的情况下,得以形成和发展的,它是国际冷战与印巴对立的综合产物。20世纪70年代中美巴友好关系的最终形成极大改变了南亚的力量对比,刺激了印苏同盟的形成。此后在南亚就形成了印苏一方与中美巴一方强强对抗的态势,这对以后南亚国际局势的走向产生了重要影响。本文以冷战时期中美巴三边关系为研究对象,以1947年至1971年为时间界限,主要探讨这一时间段内中美巴三边关系从萌芽到最终定型的发展演变历程。本文正文共分为三章,第一章选择1947和1954年为时间点,是为中美巴三边关系的缘起阶段,重点分析巴基斯坦独立及其对外政策,印巴争端,中巴关系的初步发展以及美巴关系的起步；第二章以1954年和1962年为时间点,是为三边关系的发展阶段,论述了美巴同盟建立的背景和过程,以及美巴同盟的建立对中巴友好关系的严重影响；第三章选择1962年到1971年为时间段,是为三边关系的发展、深化阶段,探讨了在此期间南亚大国关系的变化,以及中美巴友好关系的最终定型。
[Abstract]:After World War II, India and Pakistan became independent one after another. The antagonism between India and Pakistan constitutes the fundamental aspect of international relations in South Asia and makes the international situation in South Asia enter a new historical period. In the face of the reality that India is strong and Pakistan is weak, weak Pakistan urgently needs the help of outside powers to counteract the threat to its own security and interests caused by the imbalance of power between India and Pakistan. In the international background of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union at that time, the three great powers of China, the United States and the Soviet Union, based on their respective strategic interests, intervened in the South Asian disputes successively, thus bringing South Asia into the track of the global cold war. Based on their different security and interests, India and Pakistan have had complicated and changeable conflicts of interests with big countries. The friendly relations between China, the United States and Pakistan were formed and developed under the mutual influence and interaction of the international situation of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union and the development of regional contradictions in South Asia. It is a comprehensive product of the international cold war and the antagonism between India and Pakistan. The final formation of Sino-American friendly relations in the 1970s greatly changed the power balance in South Asia and stimulated the formation of the India-Soviet alliance. Since then, the strong confrontation between India and the Soviet Union and China, the United States and Pakistan has formed in South Asia, which has had an important impact on the trend of the international situation in South Asia. This paper takes the trilateral relationship between China, the United States and Pakistan during the Cold War period as the research object, taking 1947 and 1971 as the time limit, mainly discusses the development and evolution of the trilateral relationship between China and Pakistan from the bud to the final finalization in this period. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter selects 1947 and 1954 as the time point, which is the origin stage of the trilateral relations between China, the United States and Pakistan, focusing on the analysis of Pakistan's independence and its foreign policy, the India-Pakistan dispute. The initial development of China-Pakistan relations and the beginning of US-Pakistan relations; The second chapter, taking 1954 and 1962 as the time point, is the development stage of the trilateral relations. It discusses the background and process of the establishment of the US-Pakistan alliance and the serious influence of the establishment of the US-Pakistan alliance on the Sino-Pakistani friendly relations. The third chapter chooses 1962 to 1971 as the time period, is for the trilateral relations development, the deepening stage, discussed in this period South Asia big country relations change, as well as the Sino-American friendly relations final finalization.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K153

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