石原莞尔的“不扩大”思想

发布时间：2019-01-19 21:49

【摘要】： 石原莞尔作为“九·一八”事变的主要策划者,却在战后被免于追究战争责任,这主要归因于石原莞尔的“不扩大”思想及其与东条英机的矛盾纷争。但是,在中外史学界,关于石原莞尔的“不扩大”思想,不仅在评价标准上存在着或忽视或过高评价的两极悖论,而且在论述其特征与实质方面也缺乏系统性。因此,对石原莞尔及其“不扩大”思想的研究具有重要的理论及现实意义。本论文将依托中外学界的既有研究成果,通过史论结合和分析比较等方法,对石原莞尔的“不扩大”思想及其与东条英机在战争战略上的尖锐冲突,进行深入论述和分析,力图全面客观地揭示石原莞尔“不扩大”思想的显著特征及其实质。 1935年“华北事变”后,石原莞尔基于其整体战略构想以及内外形势的巨大变化,逐步提出了暂缓侵华、集中全力建设“满洲国”和“北进”等主张,极力反对日本在此时冒进扩大侵华,被认为是属于“不扩大”思想。一方面,石原莞尔的“不扩大”思想是以北进苏联、控制中国和征服世界为最终目标的,具有从属于日本对外扩张战略的侵略本质;另一方面,石原莞尔的积蓄国力、暂缓侵华等主张,不仅表现出了与东条英机等“扩大派”在渐进性与策略性上的区别,同时还体现了其“不扩大”思想中所隐含的一些更为深刻的算路。因此,笔者通过分析,得出这样一个结论:石原莞尔的“不扩大”思想,有其自身更为隐蔽的考虑,明显带有策略性因素。石原莞尔虽然同东条英机在战争战略上存在尖锐冲突,但他的这种隐蔽性战略思想一旦付诸实施,其祸害程度可能和东条英机的战争战略的实施是同样危险的。所以,同东条英机的战争战略比较,石原莞尔的“不扩大”思想由于具有最终要征服世界的侵略意图,以及在扩张方式上存在的渐进、策略的隐蔽手段,故而二者在侵略实质上的险恶程度是难分高下的。
[Abstract]:As the main mastermind of the September 18th incident, Ishihara was exempted from the responsibility of the war after the war, which was mainly attributed to the idea of "not expanding" and its conflict with Tojo. However, in the field of history at home and abroad, the idea of "not expanding" about Shi Yuan's smile is not only a bipolar paradox in the evaluation criteria, but also a lack of systematicness in discussing its characteristics and substance. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study Ishihara's thought of "not enlarging". This paper will rely on the existing research results of Chinese and foreign academic circles, through historical theory combination and analysis and comparison and other methods, this paper will deeply discuss and analyze Shi Yuan's idea of "not expanding" and its sharp conflict with Tojo's war strategy. This paper tries to reveal comprehensively and objectively the salient features and essence of Shi Yuan's thought of "not enlarging". After the "North China incident" in 1935, Shi Yuan smiled, on the basis of his overall strategic concept and the tremendous changes in the internal and external situation, gradually put forward the propositions of postponing the invasion of China and concentrating on the construction of the "Manchukuo" and "northward advance". Strongly opposed to Japan's aggressive invasion of China at this time, is considered to belong to the idea of "no expansion." On the one hand, Ishihara's idea of "not expanding" is the ultimate goal of entering the Soviet Union to the north, controlling China and conquering the world, and has the nature of aggression subordinate to Japan's strategy of external expansion. On the other hand, Shi's propositions of amassing national strength and postponing aggression against China not only show the difference between Shihara and the "expansionists" such as Tojo, in terms of gradual and strategic. At the same time, it also embodies some more profound calculations implied in his thought of "no expansion". Therefore, through the analysis, the author draws a conclusion that Shi Yuan's thought of "not expanding" has its own more hidden considerations and obvious strategic factors. Although there is a sharp conflict with Tojo's war strategy, once his hidden strategic thought is put into practice, the degree of its harm may be as dangerous as the implementation of Tojo's war strategy. Therefore, compared with Tojo's war strategy, Ishihara's idea of "not expanding" is due to the aggressive intention of eventually conquering the world, as well as the gradual and tacit means of strategy in the way of expansion. Therefore, the two in the nature of aggression is difficult to distinguish the degree of evil.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K265;K313

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